Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2024
Reasons for contacting a crisis line and the initiation of emergency dispatches.
To better understand processes of mental health crisis line utilization by examining associations between reasons for contacting a crisis line with the initiation of emergency dispatches (i.e., activation of 911 or local emergency services) in a national sample. ⋯ Emergency dispatches are primarily used in response to imminent suicide risk but are also used in other potentially violent or lethal circumstances such as homicides, violence or abuse, and other crises. These findings highlight the role that crisis lines play in emergency service delivery, and the need to better understand how they are utilized under real world circumstances.
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2024
Association between number of Adverse Childhood Experiences and depression among older adults is moderated by race.
This study aimed to assess the association between number of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) and history of depression among older adults and to explore the interaction by race. ⋯ The association between number of ACEs and depression was strongest for older adults who identify as Hispanic, but weaker and less consistent for adults who identify as White and Black.
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2024
Socioeconomic inequalities in deaths of despair: Age heterogeneity in Canada's working age population.
Although prior literature documented socioeconomic inequalities in deaths of despair among working age population, it is unclear whether and how (a) the link between socioeconomic status and deaths of despair differs by age (b) each measure of socioeconomic status has independent effects on deaths of despair. This study aims to reduce these knowledge gaps. ⋯ Socioeconomic inequalities in deaths of despair are manifest among Canadian working age population. This study lends support the social and health policies aimed at reducing gaps in mortalities.
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2024
Is the association between social jetlag and BMI mediated by lifestyle? A cross-sectional survey study in the Dutch general population.
Social jetlag is a discordance between the social and biological rhythm and is associated with higher HbA1c, higher BMI, and higher odds of obesity. The pathways that could explain these associations are still debated. This study aims to assess the mediating role of several lifestyle factors in the cross-sectional association between social jetlag and BMI. ⋯ Social jetlag is associated with higher BMI and this association is stronger in people with high stress. In people with high stress, healthy diet adherence mediated 12% of this association. Other pathways involved in this association should be further investigated.
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2024
How has the COVID-19 pandemic affected the delivery of preventive healthcare? An interrupted time series analysis of adults in English primary care from 2018 to 2022.
Offering advice and support for smoking, obesity, excess alcohol, and physical inactivity is an evidence-based component of primary care. The objective was to quantify the impact of the pandemic on the rate of advice or referral for these four risk factors. ⋯ Advice and support for smoking, and advice for weight, excess alcohol and physical inactivity have not returned to pre-pandemic levels. Clinicians and policy makers should prioritise preventive care in COVID-19 recovery plans.