Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Jun 2024
Review Meta AnalysisThe optimal exercise intervention for sleep quality in adults: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.
The impact of various exercise modalities on the improvement of sleep quality in adults remains controversial. ⋯ The review was registered with PROSPERO, registration number CRD42023434565.
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Preventive medicine · Jun 2024
Social cohesion and associations with sedentary time, physical activity and dietary quality in the Maastricht study.
We aim to investigate the relationship between social cohesion and sedentary behavior (SB), total physical activity (PA), moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), and dietary quality. Additionally, we assess whether these associations are independent of neighborhood walkability and the food environment. ⋯ We discovered neighborhood social cohesion as an important obesogenic determinant that should be considered in policymaking to encourage higher levels of PA and higher diet quality.
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Preventive medicine · Jun 2024
ReviewA narrative review of global and national physical activity and sedentary behaviour guidelines development processes - The GUidelines Standards (GUS) project.
Clinical and public health guidelines serve to direct clinical practice and policy, based on the best available evidence. The World Health Organization (WHO) and national health bodies of many countries have released physical activity and sedentary behaviour guidelines. Despite significant overlap in the body of evidence reviewed, the guidelines differ across jurisdictions. This study aimed to review the processes used to develop global and national physical activity and sedentary behaviour guidelines and examine the extent to which they conform with a recommended methodological standard for the development of guidelines. ⋯ Reaching agreement on acceptable guideline development processes, as well as the inclusion and appraisal procedures of different types of evidence, would help to strengthen and align future guidelines.
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Preventive medicine · Jun 2024
Review Meta AnalysisProspective associations between systolic blood pressure, serum cholesterol, and physical activity behaviour and the development of cardiovascular disease.
To systematically appraise and summarise meta-analyses of longitudinal studies to determine the effect size, and quality and certainty of the evidence summaries for systolic blood pressure (SBP), serum cholesterol, and physical activity behaviour in developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). ⋯ There were strong associations with CVD risk at the meta-analysis level for all three exposures, with a proportionally greater number of meta-analyses and primary studies for physical activity than SBP or serum cholesterol. Given the number of meta-analyses and similar CVD risk reductions and certainty of evidence associated with physical activity behaviour, there is a strong case for its routine assessment alongside SBP and serum cholesterol in primary CVD prevention.
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Preventive medicine · Jun 2024
Observational StudyAssociation between perceived value of adopting new behaviors and incident disability among Japanese community-dwelling older adults.
This longitudinal observational cohort study aimed to clarify the relationship between perceived value (PV) to adopt new behaviors and incident disability in community-dwelling older adults. ⋯ Having both higher PV and higher activity engagement may contribute to preventing disability development. Both support for activities and value education in older adults may be needed.