Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2024
Cross-sectional associations of gender identity and sexual orientation, with co-occurrence and clustering of health-related behaviours among British adolescents: Millennium cohort study.
We examined whether gender identity and sexual orientation were associated with seven health-related behaviours, and with co-occurrence and clustering of these behaviours among British adolescents. ⋯ Gender and sexual minority British adolescents showed a higher prevalence of risky health-related behaviours, and higher risk of co-occurring behaviours. Physical inactivity and poor diet behaviours commonly clustered together for these groups.
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2024
Modifiable risk factors mediating the impact of educational inequality on heart failure: A Mendelian randomization study.
Heart failure (HF) is a rapidly growing global disease burden with high mortality rates. We aimed to utilize mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to investigate the association between educational attainment (EA) and HF, and to evaluate the contribution of modifiable risk factors as mediators. ⋯ Higher EA has a protective effect against the risk of HF, and potential mechanisms may include regulation of BMI, blood pressure, and blood glucose. Further research is needed to understand whether interventions targeting these factors could influence the association between EA and HF risk.
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2024
Longitudinal screening adherence in the Australian National Bowel Cancer Screening Program from 2006 to 2022.
Australia's National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP) offers two-yearly screening to 50-74-year-olds for the prevention and early detection of colorectal cancer (CRC). Internationally, detailed reporting of participation across multiple screening rounds - also known as longitudinal adherence - is becoming more common, but remains limited in Australia. We described the longitudinal screening adherence of individuals by age and sex invited to the NBCSP at least once, and quantified longitudinal adherence among individuals who received four NBCSP invitations. ⋯ Our study is the first detailed report of longitudinal adherence to the NBCSP in >2 screening rounds. These insights into long-term behaviours can inform planning for interventions to improve screening participation.
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2024
Precarious employment and mental health in the United States: Results from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), 2008-2021.
To measure associations between employment precarity and mental health among United States (US) workers. ⋯ Increasing levels of employment precarity were associated with poor/fair self-rated mental health, findings potentially indicative of a dose-response relationship between the two. These nationally representative findings suggest employment precarity is an important social determinant of mental health. Future research could investigate how best to mitigate the negative effects of precarity on workers' lives and well-being, particularly regarding mental health.
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2024
The cross-sectional association between dietary total, animal, and plant-based protein intake and the prevalence and severity of depressive symptoms in Dutch adults with type 2 diabetes: The Hoorn Diabetes Care System cohort.
This study aimed to investigate cross-sectional associations of total, animal, and plant-based protein intake and depressive symptoms in Dutch adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). ⋯ In individuals with T2D, higher total protein intake was associated with reduced severity of depressive symptoms, but not with the prevalence of depressive symptoms. Further prospective research with a larger sample size is needed to confirm these associations.