Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Jun 2011
ReviewClassroom-based physical activity, cognition, and academic achievement.
There is increasing evidence for the association between physical activity, cardiovascular fitness, fatness, and cognitive function during childhood and adolescence. Evidence also suggests that these variables are linked to academic achievement. Classroom-based physical activity provides a viable approach to improve fitness, body mass index (BMI), cognitive function, and ultimately academic achievement. ⋯ Future research examining the effects of physically active academic instruction is warranted. The impact of physically active academic lessons of greater intensity may provide larger benefits for body mass index and academic achievement.
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Community capacity building has emerged as an important element in effective health promotion practice. The literature highlights many interpretations of community capacity building. Like other broad concepts such as community and social capital, the term 'community capacity building' is not easily captured. The context in which capacity is built is important and possibly contributes to the array of definitions. ⋯ The commonality in definition challenges the idea that the term 'capacity building' is fraught with a plethora of meanings. The formula can be utilised by communities needing to define capacity building for their own purposes, in their own contexts.
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Preventive medicine · Jan 2011
ReviewType 2 diabetes in Indigenous populations: quality of intervention research over 20 years.
A robust evidence base is needed to reduce the disproportionately high rates of diabetes-related mortality and complications among Indigenous peoples. ⋯ Increases in the amount of high-quality intervention research for prevention and treatment of Type 2 and gestational diabetes among Indigenous populations of these countries are needed.
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Preventive medicine · Nov 2010
ReviewTracking of sedentary behaviours of young people: a systematic review.
To review the empirical evidence concerning the strength of tracking of sedentary behaviours from childhood and adolescence. ⋯ Sedentary behaviours track at moderate levels from childhood or adolescence. Data suggest that sedentary behaviours may form the foundation for such behaviours in the future and some may track slightly better than physical activity.
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Preventive medicine · Nov 2010
ReviewTracking of sedentary behaviours of young people: a systematic review.
To review the empirical evidence concerning the strength of tracking of sedentary behaviours from childhood and adolescence. ⋯ Sedentary behaviours track at moderate levels from childhood or adolescence. Data suggest that sedentary behaviours may form the foundation for such behaviours in the future and some may track slightly better than physical activity.