Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2016
Randomized Controlled Trial Observational StudyVegetable protein intake is associated with lower gallbladder disease risk: Findings from the Women's Health Initiative prospective cohort.
This study aimed to measure associations between gallbladder disease and protein intake patterns, separated by quantity and type (vegetable vs. animal), among postmenopausal women. ⋯ Vegetable protein intake is inversely associated with gallbladder disease risk in our sample of postmenopausal women. In addition to weight management, healthcare providers could emphasize vegetable protein as an additional dietary modality to promote lower risk for gallbladder disease.
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Preventive medicine · May 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialPreventing obesity among Brazilian adolescent girls: Six-month outcomes of the Healthy Habits, Healthy Girls-Brazil school-based randomized controlled trial.
School-based trials to prevent and reduce prevalence of pediatric obesity in low-income countries are necessary. In Brazil, addressing adolescent obesity is a public health priority. ⋯ These findings provide some evidence for the benefit of a school-based intervention to prevent unhealthy weight gain in adolescent girls living in low-income communities.
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Preventive medicine · Mar 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialA community based primary prevention programme for type 2 diabetes integrating identification and lifestyle intervention for prevention: the Let's Prevent Diabetes cluster randomised controlled trial.
Prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a priority in healthcare, but there is a lack of evidence investigating how to effectively translate prevention research into a UK primary care setting. We assessed whether a structured education programme targeting lifestyle and behaviour change was effective at preventing progression to T2DM in people with pre-diabetes. ⋯ This study suggests that a relatively low resource, pragmatic diabetes prevention programme resulted in modest benefits to biomedical, lifestyle and psychosocial outcomes, however the reduction to the risk of T2DM did not reach significance. The findings have important implications for future research and primary care.
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Preventive medicine · Jan 2016
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEffectiveness of video- versus text-based computer-tailored smoking cessation interventions among smokers after one year.
In western countries, smoking prevalence rates are high among smokers unmotivated to quit and those with a lower socioeconomic status (LSES). Multiple computer tailoring and the use of audio-visual aids may improve such interventions and increase cessation in LSES smokers. This study assessed the 12-month effectiveness of a video- and text-based computer-tailored intervention. ⋯ The video-based computer-tailored intervention was effective in obtaining substantial long-term abstinence compared to the text-based version and a brief generic text advice.
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialEffects of a multi-component camp-based intervention on inflammatory markers and adipokines in children: A randomized controlled trial.
To examine the effects of a multi-component camp-based intervention on inflammatory markers and adipokines in children. ⋯ The 6-week camp intervention resulted in reductions in CRP and leptin. The intervention effects did not persist to 52 weeks. The intervention effect on leptin was explained by changes in body fat mass.