Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialHypocholesterolemic effect of soymilk supplementation with usual diet in premenopausal normolipidemic Japanese women.
The hypocholesterolemic effect of soy protein concentrates on normolipidemic subjects still remains unclear. Our objective is to assess the effect of soymilk supplementation, a whole soy product, with usual diet on serum lipids in normolipidemic subjects. ⋯ Our results suggest the hypocholesterolemic effect of soymilk, a traditional whole soy product, in Asian countries in normolipidemic subjects.
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialPsychosocial influences on older adults' interest in participating in bowel cancer screening.
As part of a multicenter, randomized controlled trial of the efficacy of flexible sigmoidoscopy for the prevention of bowel cancer, an investigation of the predictors of screening interest was carried out in a subsample of older adults. ⋯ This community study in older adults showed a high level of interest in participating in screening. The large sample size provided the opportunity to test the value of the HBM model and to examine mediation of demographic and health variables. The HBM proved to be a good model of screening interest. These results further our understanding of the decision processes in participating in cancer screening and point to directions to increase the level of participation in community samples.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEvaluation of a tobacco and alcohol use prevention program for Hispanic migrant adolescents: promoting the protective factor of parent-child communication.
Interventions designed to prevent tobacco and alcohol use targeting high-risk adolescents are limited. In addition, few studies have attempted to improve parent-child communication skills as a way of improving and maintaining healthy youth decision-making. ⋯ A culturally sensitive family-based intervention for migrant Hispanic youth was found to be effective in increasing perceived parent-child communication in families with fewer children. It is expected that increases in this important protective factor will lead to later observed decreases in tobacco and alcohol use.
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Preventive medicine · Jun 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffectiveness of physician-based assessment and counseling for exercise in a staff model HMO.
Few primary care physicians routinely counsel for exercise, despite the benefits of physical activity and the high prevalence of inactivity. The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of Physician-Based Assessment and Counseling for Exercise (PACE), a brief, behavior-based tool for primary care providers counseling healthy adults. ⋯ These results suggest that a one-time PACE counseling session with minimal reinforcement, in a setting with high baseline levels of activity, does not further increase activity. The finding that Contemplators advanced in stage of behavior change suggests that further studies are needed to examine long-term, repeated counseling interventions.
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA randomized controlled trial of smoking cessation counseling after myocardial infarction.
Smoking cessation after myocardial infarction (MI) has been associated with a 50% reduction in mortality but in-hospital smoking cessation interventions are rarely part of routine clinical practice. ⋯ A hospital-based smoking cessation program consisting of inpatient counseling and telephone follow-up substantially increases smoking abstinence 1 year after discharge in patients post-MI. Patients with low self-efficacy are almost certain to relapse without intervention. Such smoking cessation programs should be part of the management of patients with MI.