Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2024
The influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity in Stockholm County - evidence from time series models of smartphone measured daily steps data spanning over 3 years.
It has been reported that physical activity levels decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Previous studies often relied on self-reported physical activity, which has low accuracy. Studies based on objectively measured physical activity have had short data collection periods, thereby not allowing the consideration of pre-pandemic levels of physical activity or the influence over the different waves of the pandemic. ⋯ This study reveal that the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic was temporary and that younger age and the possibility of working from home were associated with a decreasing trend in physical activity.
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2024
ReviewBenefits and harms of structured outdoor physical activity for people with somatic or mental diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
To examine the benefits and harms of structured outdoor physical activity (PA) for people living with one or more somatic or mental diseases. ⋯ Structured outdoor PA may improve HRQOL and physical function, as well as mental health outcomes. The very low certainty of evidence calls for high quality RCTs to determine benefits and harms of structured outdoor PA.
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2024
ReviewThe optimal exercise intervention for sleep quality in adults: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.
The impact of various exercise modalities on the improvement of sleep quality in adults remains controversial. ⋯ The review was registered with PROSPERO, registration number CRD42023434565.
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2024
A narrative review of global and national physical activity and sedentary behaviour guidelines development processes - The GUidelines Standards (GUS) project.
Clinical and public health guidelines serve to direct clinical practice and policy, based on the best available evidence. The World Health Organization (WHO) and national health bodies of many countries have released physical activity and sedentary behaviour guidelines. Despite significant overlap in the body of evidence reviewed, the guidelines differ across jurisdictions. This study aimed to review the processes used to develop global and national physical activity and sedentary behaviour guidelines and examine the extent to which they conform with a recommended methodological standard for the development of guidelines. ⋯ Reaching agreement on acceptable guideline development processes, as well as the inclusion and appraisal procedures of different types of evidence, would help to strengthen and align future guidelines.
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2024
Would banning menthol cigarettes, flavored cigars, and flavored e-cigarettes prompt users to seek illicit channels for obtaining them in the United States?
Banning flavors in tobacco and nicotine products may reduce youth initiation and prompt quit attempts but such bans may lead to illicit markets. We examined how likely current users would be to seek flavored products from illicit channels under various ban scenarios. ⋯ A significant proportion of users of flavored tobacco and nicotine products would not reject using illicit banned products. Tailored programs are needed to apply to the groups with a higher risk of seeking illicit channels for banned products.