Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2024
Association of initial opioid prescription duration and an opioid refill by pain diagnosis: Evidence from outpatient settings in ten US health systems.
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's 2022 Clinical Practice Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Pain cautioned that inflexible opioid prescription duration limits may harm patients. Information about the relationship between initial opioid prescription duration and a subsequent refill could inform prescribing policies and practices to optimize patient outcomes. We assessed the association between initial opioid duration and an opioid refill prescription. ⋯ Long-term prescription opioid use increased modestly with initial opioid prescription duration for most but not all pain diagnoses examined.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2024
Assessing transnational spillover effects of Mexico's front-of-package nutritional labeling system among Mexican Americans in the US.
In 2020, Mexico implemented innovative front-of-package nutrition warning labels (FoPWLs) for packaged foods to increase the salience and understanding of nutrition information. This study evaluated Mexican Americans' self-reported exposure to Mexican FoPWLs and self-reported effects of FoPWLs on purchasing behavior. ⋯ Many Mexican Americans report both exposure to Mexican FOPWLs and reducing purchases of unhealthy foods because of them.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2024
Cannabis use and the prevalence of current asthma among adolescents and adults in the United States.
Cannabis use has increased among adolescents and adults in the United States (US) in recent years. Few data are available on the prevalence of asthma by frequency of cannabis use. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of asthma by frequency of past 30-day cannabis use among US individuals. ⋯ Findings suggest a dose-response relationship between frequency of current cannabis use and the prevalence of current asthma in the US individuals.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2024
Distress about social problems and tobacco and cannabis use outcomes among young adults in Los Angeles County.
To examine associations of concern, worry, and stress about discrimination, shootings/violence, and police brutality and exclusive and dual tobacco and cannabis use among young adults. ⋯ Young adult concern, worry, and/or stress about social problems may increase risk of cannabis use with or without concurrent tobacco use 6-12 months later.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2024
Cardiovascular-specific mortality and risk factors in colorectal Cancer patients: A cohort study based on registry data of over 500,000 individuals in the US.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, and recent studies have found that CRC patients are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aimed to investigate competing causes of death and prognostic factors among a large cohort of CRC patients and to describe cardiovascular-specific mortality in relation to the US standard population. ⋯ This study highlights the need to develop multidisciplinary prevention and management strategies for CRC and CVD to improve CRC patients' survival and quality of life.