Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2009
Comparative StudyThe prevalence of sedentary behavior and physical activity in leisure time: A study of Scottish adolescents using ecological momentary assessment.
To report time and prevalence of leisure time sedentary and active behaviors in adolescents. ⋯ Scottish adolescents engage in a variety of sedentary and active behaviors. Research into sedentary behavior must assess multiple behaviors and not rely solely on TV viewing.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2009
Disability and its correlates with chronic morbidities among U.S. adults aged 50-<65 years.
To examine the prevalence of disability and its associations with multiple chronic morbidities in U.S. adults aged 50-<65 years. ⋯ Chronic morbidities remain major factors associated with disability in adults aged 50-<65 years. Effective interventions to prevent and manage chronic diseases from an earlier age may help reduce the risk of disability.
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Preventive medicine · Jan 2009
ReviewMonitoring the tobacco use epidemic II: The agent: Current and emerging tobacco products.
This Agent paper (II of V on monitoring the tobacco use epidemic) summarizes the findings and recommendations of the Agent (product) Working Group of the November, 2002, National Tobacco Monitoring, Research and Evaluation Workshop. ⋯ Systematic surveillance is recommended for mainstream smoke constituents such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA), total and free-base nicotine, volatile organic compounds, aromatic amines, and metals; and design attributes including tobacco blend, additives, and filter ventilation. Research on smoking topography is recommended to help define machine-smoking protocols for monitoring emissions reflective of human smoking behavior. Recommendations are made for marketplace product sampling and for population monitoring of smoking topography, emissions of toxic constituents, biomarkers of exposure and, eventually, risk of tobacco-related diseases.
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Preventive medicine · Jan 2009
ReviewMonitoring the tobacco use epidemic IV. The vector: Tobacco industry data sources and recommendations for research and evaluation.
This Vector paper (IV of V on monitoring the tobacco use epidemic) presents the data sources and methods that can be used to monitor tobacco marketing and makes recommendations for creating a national surveillance system. ⋯ Tobacco marketing could be more effectively monitored with the development of a national research network. Surveillance of the tobacco industry's methods to push tobacco and pull consumers can help the public health community identify new markets and campaigns, justify and tailor effective tobacco control strategies, and evaluate existing counter-marketing efforts.