Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialA tailored Internet-plus-email intervention for increasing physical activity among ethnically-diverse women.
To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of an individually tailored, Internet-plus-email physical activity intervention designed for adult women. ⋯ A tailored, Internet-based intervention for adult women had a positive effect on walking and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in an ethnically-diverse sample. However, given the lack of comparable research contact in the control group, these findings should be taken cautiously.
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2008
Weight loss advice U.S. obese adults receive from health care professionals.
To estimate the prevalence of obese patients advised by health professionals about weight loss and weight loss strategies. ⋯ Obese adults should be advised by health professionals more frequently about weight loss and the use of caloric reduction and increased physical activity as the recommended weight loss strategy.
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2008
CommentEthnic minorities and weight control research priorities: where are we now and where do we need to be?
Within the overall obesity epidemic, the burden of obesity and related health problems is particularly high among African Americans, Hispanic/Latino Americans, American Indians, and Pacific Islanders--both children and adults. The often asked question of what types of obesity interventions work in these populations reflects uncertainty about how applicable standard interventions are to diverse socio-cultural groups and socio-environmental contexts. A meta-analysis in this issue of Preventive Medicine (Seo and Sa, 2008. ⋯ S. population. We should be purposeful in identifying research needs and quality standards for conducting and reporting studies with these populations and in motivating related research. Improving the relevance to and quality of evidence on obesity prevention and treatment for a more diverse set of populations will also improve the weight control literature as a whole.
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Preventive medicine · Nov 2008
ReviewA review of mediators of behavior in interventions to promote physical activity among children and adolescents.
The effectiveness of interventions to promote physical activity in youths is still developing. To develop a better understanding "what works", researchers are now focusing on constructing an evidence base for mediators of behavior change. ⋯ Despite recognition of the importance of mediation studies, few interventions have assessed mediators of physical activity behavior in youth interventions. The small number of studies examining mediators of behavior and the variability in study design and quality prevent us from forming strong conclusions regarding the most effective mediators of behavior.
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Preventive medicine · Nov 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effectiveness of a school-based substance abuse prevention program: EU-Dap cluster randomised controlled trial.
To evaluate the effectiveness of the school-based drug abuse prevention program developed in the EU-Dap study (EUropean Drug Abuse Prevention trial) in preventing the use of tobacco, alcohol and drugs at the post-test. ⋯ School curricula based on a comprehensive social-influence model may delay progression to daily smoking and episodes of drunkenness.