Preventive medicine
-
Preventive medicine · Nov 2008
Comparative StudyEffectiveness of tobacco control among Chinese Americans: a comparative analysis of policy approaches versus community-based programs.
To estimate the effectiveness of a tailored multicomponent community-based smoking cessation intervention among Chinese immigrants living in New York City, implemented within the context of state and city-wide tobacco control policy initiatives for the general population. ⋯ City-wide tobacco control policies are effective among high-risk urban communities, such as Chinese immigrants. In addition, community-based tailored tobacco control interventions may increase the reduction in smoking prevalence rates beyond that achieved from public policies.
-
Preventive medicine · Oct 2008
Controlled Clinical TrialReliability of doctors' anthropometric measurements to detect obesity.
To evaluate the reliability of anthropometric measurements (weight, height, Body Mass Index (BMI), waist and hip circumferences (WC; HC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR)) performed by doctors to assess obesity. ⋯ BMI remains the most reliable measure to detect obesity in medical practice, whereas WC, HC and WHR are less reliable. These results challenge current recommendations on obesity-related cardio-vascular risk management based on WC and WHR and underline the need for further research to improve the reliability of anthropometric measurements by doctors.
-
Preventive medicine · Oct 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialOne-year follow-up evaluation of Project Towards No Drug Abuse (TND-4).
This paper describes the one-year outcomes of the fourth experimental trial of Project Towards No Drug Abuse. Two theoretical content components of the program were examined to increase our understanding of the relative contribution of each to the effectiveness of the program. ⋯ The lack of main effects of the program on dichotomous outcomes was contrary to previous studies. An effect on an ordinal count measure of hard drug use among both intervention conditions replicates previous work and suggests that this program effect may have been due to changes in cognitive misperception of drug use rather than behavioral skill.
-
Preventive medicine · Oct 2008
Socio-demographic factors as correlates of active commuting to school in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Report frequencies of adolescents' active commuting to school in an inner city environment in the Netherlands, and to explore potential socio-demographic correlates of active commuting to school. ⋯ Almost 50% of the adolescents reported to actively commute to school on most school days, and mode of commuting was associated with ethnicity and distance. Further research is needed to examine main barriers to active commuting among adolescents from non-Western ethnic background.
-
Preventive medicine · Oct 2008
Walking and inflammatory markers in individuals screened for type 2 diabetes.
To investigate the association of walking activity with inflammatory markers and fasting insulin in a bi-ethnic population screened for type 2 diabetes in Leicester, United Kingdom, between 2005 and 2006. ⋯ Walking activity, independent of other forms of physical activity, is associated with lower levels of circulating pro-inflammatory markers.