Anticancer research
-
Anticancer research · Jan 2017
ReviewAdvances in Experimental Targeted Therapy and Immunotherapy for Patients with Glioblastoma Multiforme.
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) represents the most malignant primary brain tumor in adults with generally dismal prognosis, early clinical deterioration and high mortality. GBM is extremely invasive, characterized by intense and aberrant vascularization and high resistance to multimodal treatment. Standard therapy (surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy with temozolomide) has very limited effectiveness, with median overall survival of patients no longer than 15 months. ⋯ The novel possibilities of cancer immunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors, are being evaluated in clinical trials of patients with GBM. The most recent clinical experiences with targeted therapy as well as immunotherapy of GBM are given in this review. The relative lack of success of some of these approaches recently revealed in well-designed randomized clinical trials is also discussed.
-
Anticancer research · Jan 2017
Objective Predictive Score as a Feasible Biomarker for Short-term Survival in TerminalIy Ill Patients with Cancer.
In palliative care, prediction of life expectancy is one of the most crucial issues for patients, family and medical staff, in order to provide appropriate end-of-life care. The aim of this study was to formulate a new objective score to predict life expectancy within 1 week for terminally ill patients with cancer. ⋯ Our scoring system might enable the assessment of prognostication with higher accuracy in a terminal care setting.
-
Anticancer research · Nov 2016
Consequences of an Early PSA Response to Enzalutamide Treatment for Japanese Patients with Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer.
Recent studies have shown that an early prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response to androgen receptor (AR)-targeting agents in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is associated with a better prognosis. We analyzed early PSA response to enzalutamide and oncological outcomes to study their prognostic significance in the Japanese population. ⋯ An early PSA response to enzalutamide was significantly associated with a longer rPFS and OS. This information will aid in the management of patients treated with enzalutamide.
-
Anticancer research · Oct 2016
The Influence of Cyst Emptying, Lymph Node Resection and Chemotherapy on Survival in Stage IA and IC1 Epithelial Ovarian Cancer.
To determine if survival in stage I ovarian cancer is influenced by cyst emptying, lymph node resection and chemotherapy. ⋯ In stage IA ovarian cancer, controlled cyst emptying without spill does not worsen prognosis. Lymph node resection is associated with improved survival in stage IA and IC1. Chemotherapy should only be offered where randomized controlled studies have shown a benefit.
-
Anticancer research · Sep 2016
Meta AnalysisPrognostic Role of BRAF Mutations in Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases.
The impact of tumor biology on prognosis in patients with colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) has been the topic of intense research. Specifically, the presence of BRAF mutations has been recently associated with adverse long-term outcomes. We examined the existing literature on the prognostic implications of BRAF mutations in patients with CRLM. ⋯ BRAF-mutant lesions are consistently associated with poor prognosis. Consequently, the indications of CRLM resection in this patient group should be reconsidered.