American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Urinary cystatin C and acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery.
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common after cardiac surgery and is associated with adverse patient outcomes. Urinary cystatin C (CysC) level is a biomarker of proximal tubule function and may increase earlier in AKI than serum creatinine level. ⋯ Urinary CysC values are not associated significantly with the development of AKI after cardiac surgery in adults and children.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Comparison of the safety and efficacy of 3 iron sucrose iron maintenance regimens in children, adolescents, and young adults with CKD: a randomized controlled trial.
Iron deficiency is a common cause of anemia in young persons with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Iron repletion with intravenous (IV) iron formulations has been studied in children; maintenance IV iron regimens have not been reported extensively. ⋯ IV iron sucrose at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg at the intervals prescribed is noninferior to higher doses in maintaining hemoglobin levels >10.5 g/dL in children, adolescents, and young adults receiving ESA therapy.
-
Experimental studies indicate that arginine vasopressin (AVP) may have deleterious effects in the pathogenesis of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). However, the significance of AVP in human ADPKD is unclear. ⋯ These data show that in ADPKD, copeptin level, as a marker for AVP, is not correlated with plasma osmolality. Most importantly, high copeptin levels are associated independently with disease progression in early ADPKD. This is in line with experimental studies that indicate a disease-promoting role for AVP.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Effect of dual blockade of the renin-angiotensin system on the progression of type 2 diabetic nephropathy: a randomized trial.
Blockade of the renin-angiotensin system with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers has been shown to lessen the rate of decrease in glomerular filtration rate in patients with diabetic nephropathy. ⋯ We were unable to show a benefit of the combination of lisinopril and irbesartan compared to either agent alone at optimal high doses on the risk of progression of type 2 diabetic nephropathy.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Effects of sodium intake and diet on racial differences in urinary potassium excretion: results from the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)-Sodium trial.
We previously showed that African Americans excreted less urinary potassium than whites, even while consuming similar diets in the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) trial. We hypothesized that a low-sodium diet may eliminate these differences. ⋯ Racial differences in urinary potassium excretion depend on sodium intake and diet. Our results may help explain the previously documented large variability in urinary potassium excretion.