Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas médicas e biológicas
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Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. · Jan 2019
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of intraoperative lung-protective mechanical ventilation on pulmonary oxygenation function and postoperative pulmonary complications after laparoscopic radical gastrectomy.
This study aimed to observe the effects of lung-protective ventilation (LPV) on oxygenation index (OI) and postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) after laparoscopic radical gastrectomy in middle-aged and elderly patients. A total of 120 patients who were scheduled to undergo laparoscopic radical gastrectomy with an expected time of >3 h were randomly divided into conventional ventilation (CV group) with tidal volume (TV) of 10 mL/kg without positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), and lung-protective ventilation (PV group) with 7 mL/kg TV and personal level of PEEP with regular recruitment maneuver every 30 min. Measurements of OI, modified clinical pulmonary infection score (mCPIS), and PPCs were assessed during the perioperative period. ⋯ The mCPIS was significantly lower in the PV group than in the CV group after surgery. The incidence rate of PPCs was lower in the PV group than in the CV group and the difference was significant in patients whose ventilation time was longer than 6 h in both groups. LPV during laparoscopic radical gastrectomy significantly improved pulmonary oxygenation function and reduced postoperative mCPIS and the incidence of PPCs during the early period after surgery of middle-aged and elderly patients, especially patients whose mechanical ventilation time was longer than 6 h.
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Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. · Jan 2019
Correlation of ultrasonography synovitis with disease activity and clinical response to etanercept treatment in juvenile idiopathic arthritis patients.
This study aimed to investigate the correlation of ultrasonography (US) of synovitis with disease activity and clinical response to etanercept (ETN) in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients. Eighty-two JIA patients who underwent ETN treatment for 24 weeks were consecutively enrolled. US evaluations of 28 joints (shoulder, elbow, wrist, metacarpophalangeal, and proximal interphalangeal of hands and knee) at baseline were performed using grey-scale US and power doppler (PD) US, and US synovitis was defined as grey-scale abnormalities or PD abnormalities. ⋯ The number of joints showing synovitis on US was positively correlated with C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, number of joints with active disease, number of joints with limited range of motion, physician's global assessment of disease activity, parent/patient global assessment of overall well-being, and childhood health assessment questionnaire score. Most interestingly, the baseline number of joints showing synovitis on US was increased in ACRpedi 50 response JIA patients compared to non-response JIA patients, and it serves as an independent predictive factor for higher clinical response to ETN treatment. In conclusion, US is a more sensitive test to evaluate subclinical synovitis and disease activity in JIA patients, and US synovitis might serve as a marker for predicting increased clinical response rate to ETN treatment.
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Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. · Jan 2019
Small RNA sequencing reveals microRNAs related to neuropathic pain in rats.
The present study aimed to identify microRNAs (miRNAs) that are involved in neuropathic pain and predict their corresponding roles in the pathogenesis and development process of neuropathic pain. The rat model of neuropathic pain caused by spared nerve injury (SNI) was established in Sprague-Dawley male rats, followed by small RNA sequencing of the L3-L6 dorsal root ganglion. Real-time PCR was performed to validate the differently expressed miRNAs. ⋯ Target prediction, Gene Ontology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses suggested that these differentially expressed miRNAs targeted genes that are related to axon guidance, focal adhesion, and Ras and Wnt signaling pathways. Moreover, miR-1224 agomir significantly alleviated SNI-induced neuropathic pain. The current findings provide new insights into the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain.
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Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. · Oct 2018
ReviewInsights on the epigenetic mechanisms underlying pulmonary arterial hypertension.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), characterized by localized increased arterial blood pressure in the lungs, is a slow developing long-term disease that can be fatal. PAH is characterized by inflammation, vascular tone imbalance, pathological pulmonary vascular remodeling, and right-sided heart failure. ⋯ The aim of the present mini-review is to summarize the occurrence of epigenetic-based mechanisms in the context of PAH physiopathology, focusing on the roles of DNA methylation, histone post-translational modifications and non-coding RNAs. We also discuss the potential of epigenetic-based therapies for PAH.
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Braz. J. Med. Biol. Res. · Aug 2018
Gastrodin induced HO-1 and Nrf2 up-regulation to alleviate H2O2-induced oxidative stress in mouse liver sinusoidal endothelial cells through p38 MAPK phosphorylation.
Nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has been implicated in several detoxifying and antioxidant defense processes. Nrf2-mediated heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression was demonstrated to play a key role against oxidative stress. Gastrodin (GSTD) is a well-known active compound isolated from the roots of Rhizoma gastrodiae, a plant used in ancient Chinese traditional medicine. ⋯ Additionally, phosphorylated p38 in LSECs exposed to H2O2 was elevated by GSTD. Inhibition of p38 phosphorylation by SB203580 did not induce Nrf2 and HO-1 expression after 1 or 10 µM GSTD treatment and the protective effect on cell viability and malondialdehyde reduction in H2O2-exposed LSECs was reduced. The data conclusively demonstrated that GSTD-induced HO-1 and Nrf2 expression is involved in protection of LSECs from H2O2-induced oxidative injury, which may be regulated by p38 phosphorylation.