Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine
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Intravascular ultrasonography (IVUS) and coronary atherectomy (CA) are useful modalities in managing calcified coronary lesions. Considering an inadequacy of data, we aimed to compare the outcomes with versus without IVUS assistance in percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) with CA. ⋯ IVUS-assisted procedures showed lower in-hospital mortality and higher iatrogenic and overall cardiac complications. The mortality rate in patients undergoing IVUS-assisted PCI with CA was on the rise, with declining cardiac complication rates from 2012 to 2014.
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Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is an entrapment neuropathy resulting from compression of the median nerve at the carpal tunnel (CT). We assessed the role of high-resolution ultrasound (US) in monitoring patients with CTS treated with corticosteroid injection. ⋯ High-resolution US parameters such as the APD and CSA of the median nerve at the CT inlet were not useful to monitor patients with CTS treated with corticosteroid injections.
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Recent applications of artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning (DL) in health care include enhanced diagnostic imaging modalities to support clinical decisions and improve patients' outcomes. Focused on using automated DL-based systems to improve point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS), we look at DL-based automation as a key field in expanding and improving POCUS applications in various clinical settings. ⋯ The diversity of POCUS applications and ultrasound equipment, each requiring specialized AI models and domain expertise, limits the use of DL as a generic solution. In this article, we highlight the most advanced potential applications of AI in POCUS tailored to high-yield models in automated image interpretations, with the premise of improving the accuracy and efficacy of POCUS scans.
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To investigate the applicability and value of ultrasound (US) in the diagnosis of anorectal atresia. ⋯ Identifying the abnormal appearance or absence of the fetal anal canal and rectum on preclusive US anomaly scans is useful for prenatal diagnosis or exclusion of anorectal atresia, which may help improve the detection of isolated anorectal atresia. Furthermore, a combined evaluation of the longitudinal and axial appearances of the fetal anal canal and rectum can improve diagnostic accuracy.
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Case Reports
A Potential Pitfall of Using Focused Assessment With Sonography for Trauma in Pediatric Trauma.
Prospective studies have shown sensitivities of 73% to 88% and specificities of 98% to 100% for using the focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) examination to identify free fluid in adult trauma patients. However, the efficacy of FAST examinations for pediatric trauma patients has not been well defined, and studies looking at diagnostic performance have had varied results. ⋯ We hypothesize several etiologies for these false-positive findings in the setting of advanced image-processing capabilities of point-of-care ultrasound. We also discuss the reevaluation of clinical algorithms and interpretation practices when using the FAST examination in pediatric trauma.