Annales françaises d'anesthèsie et de rèanimation
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Ann Fr Anesth Reanim · Jan 1992
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial[Patient-controlled analgesia: effect of adding continuous infusion of morphine].
This double blind study aimed to assess the effects of a continuous intravenous (i.v.) infusion of morphine added to an intermittent bolus patient controlled analgesia on morphine demand and related side-effects. Patients scheduled for abdominal and thoracic surgery (ASA 2 or 3) were randomly allocated postoperatively to three groups (n = 10 each): group 1 were given i.v. boluses of 2 mg of morphine (lockout interval = 15 min); the other two groups were given the same boluses as well as a continuous i.v. infusion of either 1 mg.kg-1 of morphine (group 2) or 2 mg.kg-1 (group 3). Pain was assessed with a visual analog scale before starting analgesia, and after 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 16, 24 and 36 h. ⋯ Total amounts of morphine were higher in groups 2 (56.8 +/- 23.8 mg) and 3 (116.2 +/- 41.8 mg) compared with group 1 (38.2 +/- 17.8 mg) (p < 0.05). Morphine administration was stopped in 5 patients in group 3 and in 1 in group 2 because PaCO2 had risen to more than 45 mmHg. Therefore, a continuous i.v. infusion is not required in patients receiving PCA, all the more so as this has deleterious respiratory effects.
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Ann Fr Anesth Reanim · Jan 1992
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial[Analgesic effect of ibuprofen in pain after episiotomy].
The relief of post-episiotomy pain was investigated in three groups of women, ranked ASA 1 or 2, using either a single dose of 400 mg of ibuprofen (n = 31), or 1 g of paracetamol (n = 28) or placebo (n = 31). Pain intensity was assessed with a visual analogic scale, a verbal scale and pain relief scores after half an hour, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 h. The day after treatment, patients rated the quality of pain relief, and were asked whether they wished to take again the same drug for the same type of pain. ⋯ On the day after treatment, 22 patients from the ibuprofen group considered pain relief to have been good or excellent, versus 8 and 5 in the paracetamol and placebo groups respectively (p less than 0.001). Similarly, 24 patients from the ibuprofen group would accept the same drug again for the same type of pain, as opposed to 8 and 5 from the paracetamol and placebo groups respectively (p less than 0.01). The only side-effect reported was abdominal pain in one patient (placebo group).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Ann Fr Anesth Reanim · Jan 1992
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial[Comparative study of conventional spinal anesthesia and combined spinal-epidural anesthesia in gynecological surgery].
A prospective study was carried out to compare the qualities of spinal block with those of combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia (CSEA). It included 63 patients, ranked ASA 1 or 2, aged between 35 and 75 years, scheduled for gynaecological surgery due to last more than 2 hours, and randomly allocated to two groups. In the first group (n = 34), spinal anaesthesia was carried out with the patients sitting, in the L3-4 interspace, using 15 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine with 0.4 mg of adrenaline. ⋯ In the CSEA group, excellent analgesia was obtained in all patients. Sensory blockade lasted 308 +/- 48 min at the T12 level, versus 162 +/- 51 min in the spinal group (p < 0.025), and 361 +/- 51 min at the L2 level, versus 210 < 44 min in the other group (p < 0.025). "Topping up" was possible with the epidural catheter only, thus raising the level of sensory blockade, making it deeper, and increasing its duration. It avoids the use of general anaesthesia in case of failed spinal blockade.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Ann Fr Anesth Reanim · Jan 1992
Comparative Study[Influence of sampling techniques on blood sodium, potassium and hemoglobin concentration measured by a blood gas analyser].
A study was carried out to assess the influence of sampling technique on sodium, potassium and haemoglobin blood concentrations measured simultaneously with a bedside blood gas analyser (Ciba Corning 288) and in the central laboratory. Blood samples from forty intensive care unit patients were used to test cight techniques: capillary tubes (Radiometer & Corning), preheparinized syringes (Terumo 2.5 ml, Sherwood 1 and 3 ml, Corning 1 ml) and Radiometer 2 ml) and a conventional syringe (Plastimed) which was rinsed with heparin just before use. Each result was compared with that obtained by the laboratory. ⋯ The capillary tubes moderately overestimated the haemoglobin concentration (+0.02 to +0.65 g.dl-1) while Sherwood's syringes underestimated it (-0.48 to -0.94 g.dl-1). For the sodium and potassium concentrations, the eight methods gave results similar to those obtained by the laboratory. It is concluded that these modules for bedside biological analysis, when used in optimal conditions, rapidly provide reliable results for some parameters.
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Ann Fr Anesth Reanim · Jan 1992
Case Reports[Accidental spinal anesthesia in obstetrics. Limits of epidural test-dose].
Two cases of accidental spinal anaesthesia occurring in obstetrical patients are reported and discussed. Epidural anaesthesia had been asked for by the women, both being free from any significant medical history. A Tuohy needle was inserted in the midline between L3 and L4 with the patient sitting. ⋯ Both children had an Apgar score of 10 at 1 and 5 minutes. The type of test-dose is discussed. Smaller volumes of more concentrated solutions are recommended.