Annales françaises d'anesthèsie et de rèanimation
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Interpleural analgesia, a recently devised method for postoperative analgesia, consists of the injection of a local anaesthetic into the pleural space. The technique of the catheter insertion is simple and derived from the threadening of an epidural catheter, using the same equipment. An unilateral analgesia is obtained with a rapid onset but not efficient enough for a surgical procedure. ⋯ Lidocaine may also be administered at the dose of 2 mg.kg-1 of a 2% solution. Main indications of interpleural analgesia are cholecystectomies and thorax trauma patients. Adverse effects and hazards are uncommon and include mainly pneumothorax and toxic effects of a local anaesthetic overdose.
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Ann Fr Anesth Reanim · Jan 1994
[Arguments for the addition of an oxygen reserve container to the anesthetic equipment].
In France, the presence of an emergency oxygen cylinder as part of every the anaesthetic machine is not made compulsory by an official regulation. This article provides arguments in favour of such a presence, as recommended by the French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive care (SFAR).
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We report the bench testing of three new anaesthesia ventilators: Flexima (Datex), SA2/RA2 and Cato (Dräger). The test circuit included a two compartment lung model, a pneumotachograph and a pressure gauge. ⋯ Moreover, the tidal volume of the Flexima increased with the fresh gas flow. In spontaneous ventilation inspiratory resistance were low.
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Ann Fr Anesth Reanim · Jan 1994
[Dysfunction of vaporizers and nitrous oxide: solubility or viscosity?].
Sudden switch of carrier gas from O2 to the N2O/O2 mixture results in an acute decrease in vapour output for a variable delay of time. This has been attributed to the dissolution of N2O in the volatile anaesthetic liquid. The final vapour concentration at steady state had been previously reported to be lower than the concentration dial setting: this was attributed to vaporizer design and to viscosity of carrier gas. ⋯ To test the solubility hypothesis, the same enflurane Dräger Vapor 19 vaporizer was emptied, dried, saturated with enflurane, emptied and then filled with either 10 or 100 mL of liquid enflurane. To test the viscosity hypothesis, a model of a vaporizer was devised, in which the gas movements are described with the Poiseuille's law. In this model, the delivered concentration F depends on the vapour pressure, the input pressure of the gas flow, the viscosity of the carrier gas and the viscosity of the agent saturated gas.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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The laryngeal mask ensures a better control of the airway than the face mask, without the disadvantages of an endotracheal tube. Moreover, it provides an effective and simple solution to many problems of difficult intubation and therefore it has a place amongst the equipment required for difficult intubations. The laryngeal mask will most probably become more widely used, provided that its contra-indications are taken into account. ⋯ Many studies have shown that propofol is suitable for use with the laryngeal mask. However, it should be noted, that there is, as yet, no conclusive evidence of the superiority of propofol over other induction agents. In anaesthesia for day-case surgery, the combination of the laryngeal mask and propofol could prove beneficial.