Emergency medicine clinics of North America
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Emerg. Med. Clin. North Am. · Feb 2020
ReviewThe Emergent Evaluation and Treatment of Elbow and Forearm Injuries.
This article provides an updated review of the emergent evalution and treatment of elbow and forearm injuries in the emergency department. Clinically necessary imaging is discussed. Common and uncommon injuries of the elbow and forearm are reviewed with an emphasis on early recognition, efficient management, and avoidance of complications. The astute emergency physician will rely on a focused history and precise examination, applied anatomic knowledge, and strong radiographic interpretative skills to avoid missed injuries and complications.
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With the high cost and limited availability of gold standard imaging modalities, ultrasound has become an alternative in many musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries. Ultrasound has become increasingly portable and readily available in many acute care settings. ⋯ It helps guide fracture and dislocation reductions and aids in regional anesthesia for pain management. This article reviews the common MSK injuries that can be diagnosed with ultrasound with a focus on point-of-care ultrasound.
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A systematic approach is required for patients with a suspected concussion. Although standardized tools can aid in assessment, the diagnosis of concussion remains a clinical one. ⋯ Most patients benefit from a brief period of rest, followed by a gradual reintroduction of activities, and a graduated return-to-sport protocol. Patients with prolonged recovery from a concussion may benefit from exercise, vestibular, and cognitive rehabilitation programs.
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Emerg. Med. Clin. North Am. · Feb 2020
ReviewEmergency Orthogeriatrics: Concepts and Therapeutic Considerations for the Geriatric Patient.
Appropriate recognition of the physiologic, psychological, and clinical differences among geriatric patients, with respect to orthopedic injury and disease, is paramount for all emergency medicine providers to ensure they are providing high-value care for this vulnerable population.