Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology
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Multicenter Study
Multicenter outcome study of cancer patients admitted to the intensive care unit: a probability of mortality model.
To develop prospectively and validate a model for probability of hospital survival at admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) of patients with malignancy. ⋯ We report a disease-specific multivariable logistic regression model to estimate the probability of hospital mortality in a cohort of critically ill cancer patients admitted to the ICU. The model consists of 16 unambiguous and readily available variables. This model should move the discussion regarding appropriate use of ICU resources forward. Additional validation in a community hospital setting is warranted.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of single-dose oral granisetron versus intravenous ondansetron in the prevention of nausea and vomiting induced by moderately emetogenic chemotherapy: a multicenter, double-blind, randomized parallel study.
The antiemetic effectiveness and safety of single-dose oral granisetron were compared with intravenous (I.V.) ondansetron in chemotherapy-naive patients who received moderately emetogenic chemotherapy. ⋯ A single oral dose of granisetron (2 mg) resulted in equivalent levels of antiemetic protection as I.V. ondansetron (32 mg). Both agents were well tolerated, although more dizziness and abnormal vision were reported with ondansetron. Because the two antiemetic regimens exhibited equivalent efficacies, additional factors such as convenience and cost of therapy should be considered.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Comparison between single-dose and divided-dose administration of dactinomycin and doxorubicin for patients with Wilms' tumor: a report from the National Wilms' Tumor Study Group.
The National Wilms' Tumor Study (NWTS)-4 was designed to evaluate the efficacy, toxicity, and cost of administration of different regimens for the treatment of Wilms' tumor (WT). ⋯ We conclude that patients treated with PI combination chemotherapy for LR or HR WT or clear cell sarcoma of the kidney have equivalent 2-year RFS to those treated with STD regimens. PI drug administration is recommended as the new standard based on demonstrated efficacy, greater administered dose-intensity, less severe hematologic toxicity, and the requirement for fewer physician and hospital encounters.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Phase III double-blind comparison of dolasetron mesylate and ondansetron and an evaluation of the additive role of dexamethasone in the prevention of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting due to moderately emetogenic chemotherapy.
To compare the efficacy of dolasetron and ondansetron in controlling nausea and vomiting in the first 24 hours; to evaluate the efficacy when dexamethasone is added to either drug in the first 24 hours; and to extend these comparisons over 7 days in patients receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy. ⋯ At the doses used, dolasetron was significantly less effective than ondansetron at controlling nausea and vomiting in the first 24 hours in patients receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy, but there was no demonstrable difference between both drugs over 7 days. The addition of dexamethasone significantly improved the efficacy of both drugs in the first 24 hours and over 7 days.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Low risk of secondary leukemias after chemotherapy without mechlorethamine in childhood Hodgkin's disease. German-Austrian Pediatric Hodgkin's Disease Group.
In the last two decades, it has become evident that secondary leukemias after Hodgkin's disease (HD) are mainly caused by the treatment with alkylating agents, especially mechlorethamine. Since 1978, the German-Austrian trials for childhood HD have used combined chemoradiotherapy without mechlorethamine. ⋯ The observed risk of SHM is smaller than in other studies (adults and children) in which chemotherapy with mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (MOPP) was given. This difference can be attributed to the lower cumulative doses of alkylating agents, the absence of mechlorethamine in the chemotherapy, and the small number of patients who needed salvage therapy in the presented cohort. In general, differences in the incidence of SHM after HD reflect complex differences between treatment strategies.