Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Extended intrathecal methotrexate may replace cranial irradiation for prevention of CNS relapse in children with intermediate-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated with Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster-based intensive chemotherapy. The Associazione Italiana di Ematologia ed Oncologia Pediatrica.
To assess the effect of treatment intensification and that of extended intrathecal methotrexate substitution for cranial irradiation in intermediate-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) children treated with a Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster (BFM)-based intensive chemotherapy. ⋯ Cranial irradiation may be omitted safely in IR ALL patients treated with BFM-based intensive chemotherapy when extended intrathecal chemotherapy is given. Because the CNS disease control was less complete in the SR group, these data challenge the effectiveness of HD-MTX for protection from CNS disease and support the protective role of extended intrathecal chemotherapy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Oral ondansetron for the control of cisplatin-induced delayed emesis: a large, multicenter, double-blind, randomized comparative trial of ondansetron versus placebo.
To investigate the efficacy and safety of oral ondansetron in the control of cisplatin-induced delayed emesis in patients who do not require rescue antiemetic therapy for acute emesis. ⋯ Oral ondansetron had a significant effect in the control of cisplatin-induced delayed emesis and nausea in patients who had not required rescue antiemetics during the acute emesis period. The control of delayed nausea and vomiting was most notable in the immediate 2 days following cisplatin administration, with the clinical difference narrowing between the two treatment arms on subsequent days.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Persistence of efficacy of three antiemetic regimens and prognostic factors in patients undergoing moderately emetogenic chemotherapy. Italian Group for Antiemetic Research.
To evaluate antiemetic efficacy and tolerability of granisetron, dexamethasone, and their combination over repeated courses of moderately emetogenic chemotherapy, and the influence of the prognostic factors on occurrence of nausea and vomiting. ⋯ The combination of dexamethasone plus granisetron offers the best antiemetic protection because of its greater efficacy with respect to the other two regimens at first cycle, and because its activity is maintained in the subsequent cycles of chemotherapy.
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Multicenter Study
Second malignant neoplasms following treatment for Wilm's tumor: a report from the National Wilms' Tumor Study Group.
The study was undertaken to determine the incidence of second malignant neoplasms (SMNs) in patients treated for Wilms' tumor and demonstrate how the incidence varied with the initial treatment protocol. ⋯ These results demonstrate the importance of current efforts to limit the use of intensive chemotherapy and radiation therapy, which are now applied only to patients with the most aggressive disease. Continuing close surveillance of the great majority of Wilms' tumor patients who become long-term survivors is essential for early diagnosis of SMNs and other late sequelae of therapy.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Concurrent cisplatin/etoposide plus chest radiotherapy followed by surgery for stages IIIA (N2) and IIIB non-small-cell lung cancer: mature results of Southwest Oncology Group phase II study 8805.
To assess the feasibility of concurrent chemotherapy and irradiation (chemoRT) followed by surgery in locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in a cooperative group setting, and to estimate response, resection rates, relapse patterns, and survival for stage subsets IIIA(N2) versus IIIB. ⋯ This trimodality approach was feasible in this Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) study, with an encouraging 26% 3-year survival rate. An Intergroup study is currently being conducted to determine whether surgery adds more to the risk or to the benefit of chemoRT.