Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology
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Very young children with CNS primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) and ependymomas have a poor prognosis and commonly have impairment of growth and cognitive abilities, in part resulting from radiotherapy. Thus, an intensive chemotherapeutic regimen was used to treat children less than 18 months of age at diagnosis. ⋯ While overall survival in this group of very young patients is poor, a subset of children who have received only chemotherapy as adjuvant treatment remain free from tumor recurrence.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Effect of schedule and maintenance on the antiemetic efficacy of ondansetron combined with dexamethasone in acute and delayed nausea and emesis in patients receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy: a phase III trial by the National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group.
This study examines whether the schedule of ondansetron significantly influences its antiemetic efficacy in the first 24 hours after chemotherapy, whether the administration of oral ondansetron after 24 hours is effective in preventing delayed emesis, and whether the efficacy of ondansetron is preserved over multiple courses of moderately emetogenic chemotherapy. ⋯ The schedule of ondansetron in the first 24 hours does not influence its efficacy. The use of oral maintenance ondansetron is effective in preventing delayed maintenance ondansetron is effective in preventing delayed nausea and emesis after moderately emetogenic chemotherapy.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial
Dose-ranging evaluation of the serotonin antagonist dolasetron mesylate in patients receiving high-dose cisplatin.
This dose-ranging trial of intravenous dolasetron mesylate (MDL73,147EF) was performed to determine its adverse and antiemetic effects in patients receiving cisplatin at doses > or = 100 mg/m2. ⋯ Dolasetron mesylate can be administered safely at doses up to 5.0 mg/kg, with comparable complete protection rates and increased adverse effects at doses greater than 2.4 mg/kg. Antiemetic activity was seen after cisplatin. Trials comparing single infusions of dolasetron mesylate and ondansetron are under way.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A randomized, double-blind comparison of intravenous ondansetron alone and in combination with intravenous dexamethasone in the prevention of high-dose cisplatin-induced emesis.
This study compares the efficacy and safety of ondansetron alone with that of ondansetron plus dexamethasone in the prevention of emesis induced by high-dose cisplatin (> or = 100 mg/m2). ⋯ IV ondansetron in combination with dexamethasone is safe and more effective than ondansetron alone in the prevention of emesis induced by high-dose cisplatin.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Difference in persistence of efficacy of two antiemetic regimens on acute emesis during cisplatin chemotherapy. The Italian Group for Antiemetic Research.
We conducted a prospective, double-blind, multicenter study of 287 cancer patients treated for the first time with high-dose cisplatin chemotherapy who were randomly assigned to receive three consecutive cycles of the same antiemetic treatment consisting of ondansetron plus dexamethasone, or metoclopramide plus dexamethasone and diphenhydramine. ⋯ Ondansetron plus dexamethasone was significantly more efficacious and better tolerated than metoclopramide plus dexamethasone and diphenhydramine during three cycles of chemotherapy and, in contrast to the metoclopramide regimen, the efficacy of ondansetron plus dexamethasone, at least for vomiting, is maintained in subsequent cycles.