Psychopathology
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Comparative Study
Diagnostic validity of ICD-10 personality dimensions: a multitrait-multimethod analysis of two self-report questionnaires and a structured interview.
There is growing evidence that the validity of diagnostic methods for personality disorders (PD) may be insufficient. Although the ICD-10 classification system is widely used, there is little data concerning its validity for diagnosing PD. ⋯ Convergent validity can be considered sufficient for 5 of the 9 examined PD dimensions. Non-convergence must partly be interpreted as caused by poor discriminant validity inherent in the ICD-10 classification. Conceptualization of PD as completely distinguishable entities may not reflect the clinical reality of a partial overlap between personality disorders.
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To assess validity and interrater reliability of an operationalized German version of the Confusion Assessment Method (CAM) in geriatric patients with comorbid dementia and high delirium risk. ⋯ The German CAM is a reliable and valid measure of delirium, even in frail, acutely diseased elderly with concomitant dementia.
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The present study investigated the interrater reliability of the diagnoses of schizophrenia (SCH), schizoaffective disorder (SAD), bipolar disorder (BPD) and unipolar depression (UPD) according to both DSM-IV and ICD-10, as well as the diagnostic congruence between the two classificatory systems. ⋯ The lack of an item excluding the occurrence of an affective syndrome among ICD-10 diagnostic criteria for SCH can account for: the larger frequency of SCH according to ICD-10 than DSM-IV; the unsatisfactory interrater reliability for the diagnosis of ICD-10 SAD, and the low diagnostic congruence for SAD.
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Since traffic accidents are more common in developing countries than in developed countries, we aimed to investigate the association of several factors with the development and persistence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after traffic accidents. ⋯ The persistence of PTSD at the 12-month evaluation is related to ASD, limitations in work and social life, and lower social support scores. In developing countries like Turkey, long-term PTSD is commonly seen after traffic accidents.
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To investigate the association of bullying behavior with suicide attempts and self-mutilation among adolescents. ⋯ Among girls, being bullied or bullying others are both potential risk factors for suicidal behavior. Psychiatric assessment and treatment should thus be considered not only for victims of bullying, but also for bullies. Suicide-prevention programs should also routinely include interventions to reduce bullying. However, the generalization of our findings to all adolescents is limited because our study sample consisted of psychiatric adolescent patients. In addition, some of the possible findings might have remained statistically insignificant due to the small sample size among adolescents who had performed suicide attempts or self-mutilation.