Resuscitation
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This study aimed to determine whether cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) volume is associated with survival to discharge rate for out-of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) victims. ⋯ Emergency departments with high volumes of CPR cases showed significantly better outcomes for OHCA patients than those with low volumes in an EMS system with single-tiered basic to intermediate service level.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
The effect of a cellular-phone video demonstration to improve the quality of dispatcher-assisted chest compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation as compared with audio coaching.
Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has shown to significantly improve the survival of cardiac-arrest victims. Dispatcher assistance increases the number of bystanders who perform CPR, but the quality of CPR remains unsatisfactory. This study was conducted to assess the effect of video coaching on the performance of CPR by untrained volunteers when compared with traditional audio instruction in simulated cardiac arrests. ⋯ Instructions from the dispatcher, along with a video demonstration of CPR, improved the time to initiate compression, the compression rate and the correct hand positioning. It also reduced the 'hands-off' events during CPR. However, emphasised instructions by video may be needed to increase the depth of compressions.
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Comparative Study
S-100B is superior to NSE, BDNF and GFAP in predicting outcome of resuscitation from cardiac arrest with hypothermia treatment.
To conduct a pilot study to evaluate the blood levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neuron specific enolase (NSE) and S-100B as prognostic markers for neurological outcome 6 months after hypothermia treatment following resuscitation from cardiac arrest. ⋯ The blood concentration of S-100B at 24h after ROSC is highly predictive of outcome in patients treated with mild hypothermia after cardiac arrest.
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A reproducible long-term intensive care and outcome cardiac arrest model for exploring new cerebral preservation strategies is needed. We tried to determine effects and limitations of current therapies after different 'no-flow' times. ⋯ This study established a reproducible cardiac arrest and resuscitation model in pigs which will be used to test novel resuscitation strategies to improve neurologic outcome after cardiac arrest.
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Comparative Study
A rapid, safe, and low-cost technique for the induction of mild therapeutic hypothermia in post-cardiac arrest patients.
The benefits of inducing mild therapeutic hypothermia (MTH) in cardiac arrest patients are well established. Timing and speed of induction have been related to improved outcomes in several animal trials and one human study. We report the results of an easily implemented, rapid, safe, and low-cost protocol for the induction of MTH. ⋯ A protocol using a combination of core and surface cooling modalities was rapid, safe, and low cost in achieving MTH. The cooling rate of 2.6°C/h was superior to most published protocols. This method uses readily available equipment and reduces the need for costly commercial devices.