Resuscitation
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Observational Study
Prognostic value of phase information of 2D T2*-weighted gradient echo brain imaging in cardiac arrest survivors: A preliminary study.
Predicting neurological outcomes after cardiac arrest is important to guide therapeutic decisions. We assessed the prognostic value of phase information of 2D T2*-weighted gradient echo imaging (T2*WI) of the brain in CA survivors. ⋯ Filtered phase images of T2*WI showed good prognostic value and can reveal various features of the cerebral metabolic consequences of cardiac arrest, such as decreased neuronal activity and brain death-like patterns.
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Observational Study
Location of arrest and survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest among children in the public-access defibrillation era in Japan.
Our objective was to assess the characteristics such as public-access defibrillation (PAD) by laypersons and the outcomes after pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest by location in the PAD era. ⋯ In Japan, where public-access automated external defibrillators are well disseminated, characteristics such as PAD and outcomes for pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest before EMS arrival differed substantially by location.
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Studies suggest that hyperoxemia increases short-term mortality after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), but the effect of hyperoxemia on long-term outcomes is unclear. We determined the prevalence of early hyperoxemia after CPR and its association with long-term neurological outcome and mortality. ⋯ We found no association between early post-arrest hyperoxemia and unfavourable outcome. Subgroup analysis found no differential effect depending on arrest location, initial rhythm or time-to-ROSC.
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Observational Study
External Validation of a Risk Classification at the Emergency Department of Post-cardiac Arrest Syndrome Patients Undergoing Targeted Temperature Management.
There are no established risk classification for post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) patients at the Emergency Department (ED) undergoing targeted temperature management (TTM). The aim of this study was to externally validate a simplified version of our prognostic score, the "post-Cardiac Arrest Syndrome for Therapeutic hypothermia score" (revised CAST [rCAST]) and estimate the predictive accuracy of the risk classification based on it. ⋯ The rCAST was useful for predicting the neurological outcomes with high accuracy in PCAS patients, and the three grades was developed for a risk classification based on the rCAST.
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Recent work has demonstrated low rates of layperson CPR training across the US. In an attempt to increase rates, some states passed legislation that requires CPR training before high school graduation. We hypothesized laypeople in states with required training would exhibit a greater likelihood of being currently trained in CPR when compared with laypeople in states without required CPR training. ⋯ Individuals were more likely to be currently trained in CPR in states with mandatory CPR training for high school graduation, suggesting a need for additional research on this public policy.