Resuscitation
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Prehospital termination of resuscitation rules are used to decide on one of two actions: to continue resuscitation and transport to hospital or to terminate resuscitation. The literature is confusing as some rules are derived with survival as the outcome of interest (predicting when to transport and reporting sensitivity and negative predictive value) and other rules use death (predicting when to terminate resuscitation and reporting specificity and positive predictive value). Very few publish the EMS transport rate when the rule is applied; the outcome of interest to EMS services. ⋯ We suggest that the diagnostic test characteristics of termination of resuscitation rules should be reported with death as the primary outcome which identifies for the paramedics futile resuscitations that should be terminated in the field. We also emphasize the need to report transport rates to provide the EMS services with an implementation benchmark.
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Immediate bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is the most essential factor for life saving in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. We investigated the characteristics associated with willingness to attempt CPR among the Japanese general population. ⋯ Experience of CPR training closely associated with willingness to attempt CPR, and awareness of AED in a public space are significant factors in CPR training. AED placement might call attention to CPR training and develops willingness to attempt CPR.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of audio tone guidance on performance of CPR in simulated cardiac arrest with an advanced airway.
Despite the emphasis of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) quality, the performance of on-site CPR is reported to be frequently unsuccessful. In order to improve CPR quality, various feedback systems have been developed, but they have not yet been widely used on site due to low economic efficiency. The present study was attempted to determine whether CPR quality can be improved using audio tone guidance. ⋯ Audio tone guidance ensures better chest compression rate and ventilation rate but this does not necessarily result in a better CPR quality.
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To establish a uniform framework describing the system and organisation of emergency medical response centres and the process of emergency medical dispatching (EMD) when reporting results from studies in emergency medicine and prehospital care. ⋯ In September 2005 a task force of 22 experts from 12 countries met in Stavanger; Norway at the Utstein Abbey to review data and establish a common terminology for medical dispatch centres including core and optional data to be used for health monitoring, benchmarking and future research.