Resuscitation
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A higher survival rate was observed in Sudden Cardiac Arrest (SCA) occurring during sports activities, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We tested the hypothesis that better initial management, rather than sports per se, may account for the observed better outcomes during sports activities. ⋯ Sports-related SCA is a rare event, with an 8-times higher survival rate compared to non-sports-related SCA. Better initial management, including bystander CPR and AED use, rather than sports per se, mainly accounts this difference. This highlights the major importance of population education to basic life support in improving SCA outcome.
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Cardiac troponin is routinely tested in the post-cardiac arrest setting, but its utility in identifying ischaemic aetiology and predicting left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) and survival is not known. ⋯ At both current and several-fold higher thresholds, cTnT does not perform sufficiently well to guide clinical decision-making or predict patient outcomes. Routine post-cardiac arrest testing of cTnT should be reevaluated.
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Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) can be used to categorise neurological outcome after cardiac arrest. There is no consensus on what information sources can be used to derive the CPC. This study describes the information sources used by hospitals participating in the UK National Cardiac Arrest Audit (NCAA) and their impact on the CPC reported for individuals surviving an in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA). ⋯ In the UK IHCA audit, the most commonly used information source for CPC assessment is case notes. Most survivors of IHCA are reported as having a CPC score of 1 or a good outcome (CPC scores 1 or 2).
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Although cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training is recommended in schools, there are few attempts to train all students at universities and no reports showing actual resuscitation actions at emergency settings after the training. We surveyed how many students encountered a collapsed person, whether they performed any resuscitation actions, and any reasons why they could not do any resuscitation actions. ⋯ The incidence rate of encountering OHCA patients was 1.1 per 100 person-years and half of them who encountered a collapsed person performed at least one resuscitation action. Hands-on mass training would encourage university students to perform any resuscitation actions on the emergency scene.
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Observational Study
Association of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and neurological outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest due to drowning in Japan, 2013-2016.
Early initiation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) performed by bystanders is essential in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) due to primary cardiac cause. However, evidence about the effect of bystander CPR on neurologically favorable survival after OHCA due to drowning is scarce and controversial. ⋯ Among patients with OHCA due to drowning, bystander CPR was associated with increased chance of neurologically favorable survival.