Resuscitation
-
Basic life support education for schoolchildren has become a key initiative to increase bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation rates. Our objective was to review the existing literature on teaching schoolchildren basic life support to identify the best practices to provide basic life support training in schoolchildren. ⋯ Schoolchildren basic life support training has the potential to educate whole generations to respond to cardiac arrest and to increase survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Comprehensive legislation, curricula, and scientific assessment are crucial to further develop the education of schoolchildren in basic life support.
-
Review Meta Analysis
Global prevalence of basic life support training: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest exerts a large disease burden, which may be mitigated by bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and automated external defibrillation. We aimed to estimate the global prevalence and distribution of bystander training among laypersons, which are poorly understood, and to identify their determinants. ⋯ Large regional variation exists in data availability and bystander training prevalence. Socioeconomic status correlated with prevalence of bystander training, and regional disparities were apparent between continents. Bystander training should be promoted, particularly in Asia, Middle East, and low-income regions. Data availability should be encouraged from under-represented regions.
-
Review Meta Analysis
Global prevalence of basic life support training: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest exerts a large disease burden, which may be mitigated by bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and automated external defibrillation. We aimed to estimate the global prevalence and distribution of bystander training among laypersons, which are poorly understood, and to identify their determinants. ⋯ Large regional variation exists in data availability and bystander training prevalence. Socioeconomic status correlated with prevalence of bystander training, and regional disparities were apparent between continents. Bystander training should be promoted, particularly in Asia, Middle East, and low-income regions. Data availability should be encouraged from under-represented regions.
-
Tracheal intubation is associated with interruption in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Current knowledge of tracheal intubation during active CPR focuses on the out-of-hospital environment. We aim to describe characteristics of tracheal intubation during active CPR in the emergency department (ED) and determine whether first attempt success was associated with CPR being continued vs paused. ⋯ It was common to continue CPR during tracheal intubation, with success comparable to that achieved in patients without cardiac arrest. It is reasonable to attempt tracheal intubation without interrupting CPR, pausing only if necessary.
-
Editorial Comment Meta Analysis
The urban-rural divide in cardiac arrest survival.
This paper provides a commentary on the recently published "The incidence and outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in metropolitan versus rural locations: A systematic review and meta-analysis". The importance of this work due to the systematic search for the evidence and relative consistency of studies in terms of the direction of effect is highlighted. The commentary includes discussion on the variability between studies and the urban-rural differences in clinical care. Opportunities for future research are described, as well as the need to adequately characterise the local conditions and community engagement so that the applicability of research findings can be determined for local contexts.