Upsala journal of medical sciences
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Comparative Study
Cathepsin D improves the prediction of undetected diabetes in patients with myocardial infarction.
Background: Newer therapeutic agents for type 2 diabetes mellitus can improve cardiovascular outcomes, but diabetes remains underdiagnosed in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). We sought to identify proteomic markers of undetected dysglycaemia (impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, or diabetes mellitus) to improve the identification of patients at highest risk for diabetes. Materials and methods: In this prospective cohort, 626 patients without known diabetes underwent oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT) during admission for MI. ⋯ In patients with normal fasting plasma glucose, only cathepsin D was selected (AUC 0.699 increased to 0.704). Conclusions: Newly detected dysglycaemia, including manifest diabetes, is common in patients with acute MI. Cathepsin D improved the prediction of dysglycaemia, which may be helpful in the a priori risk determination of diabetes as a motivation for confirmatory OGTT.
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Background: Experiences of sexual violence among women can lead to ill health and increase the risk of lifetime co-occurrence of violence. Identifying risk factors and victims facilitates development of effective programmes for treatment and prevention of additional violence. The primary aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and correlates of sexual violence experiences among women seeking care at a family planning unit in Sweden. ⋯ Women with experiences of non-partner sexual violence were more likely to have experiences of intimate partner violence (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Prevalence of sexual violence was high among the respondents. Many women were young when they were exposed to violence, and lifetime co-occurrence of violence was common among women with experiences of non-partner sexual violence.
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In this paper I describe aspects of work on the human adenoviruses in which my laboratory has participated. It consists of two sections-one historic dealing with work performed in the previous century, and one dealing with the application of 'omics' technologies to understand how adenovirus-infected cells become reprogrammed to benefit virus multiplication.
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Background. In cancer, regulatory T-cells (Tregs) were previously believed to inhibit tumor immunity, leading to reduced survival. However, in hematologic malignancies, including T-cell lymphoma (TCL), a correlation between increased numbers of tumor-infiltrating Tregs and a favorable prognosis has been reported. ⋯ Conclusions. Intratumoral Tregs are frequently found in TCL in immunocompetent individuals. In this heterogeneous group of TCL, there was no correlation between the density of intratumoral FoxP3+ cells and overall survival.
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Clinical endpoint adjudication (CEA) is a standardized process for assessment of safety and efficacy of pharmacologic or device therapies in clinical trials. CEA plays a key role in many large clinical trials with the aim of achieving consistency and accuracy of the study results, by applying independent and blinded evaluation of suspected clinical events reported by investigators. ⋯ New methodologies using national registry data and artificial intelligence may challenge the traditional adjudication strategy and could potentially reduce cost considerably with a similar result. Further research and evidence in this field of clinical trials methodology are essential.