Pediatric dermatology
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Pediatric dermatology · Jul 2014
ReviewPrevention of diaper dermatitis in infants--a literature review.
Diaper dermatitis (DD) is one of the most common skin conditions in neonates and infants, with a peak between the ages of 9 and 12 months. Appropriate skin care practices that support skin barrier function and protect the buttocks skin from urine and feces are supposed to be effective in the prevention of DD. Despite many recommendations for parents and caregivers on proper diaper skin care, there is no up-to-date synthesis of the available evidence to develop recommendations for DD prevention practice. ⋯ The application of ointments containing zinc oxide or petrolatum with or without vitamin A seems to have comparable effects on DD severity. There seems to be no information on whether single skin care practices such as cleansing, bathing, and application of topical preparations can prevent DD. High-quality randomized clinical trials are needed to show the effectiveness of skin care practices for controlling and preventing DD.
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Pediatric dermatology · Jul 2014
Case ReportsToxic epidermal necrolysis in a child successfully treated with infliximab.
A 7-year-old boy developed severe toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) secondary to carbamazepine and was transferred to our center after further deterioration despite receiving one dose of intravenous immunoglobulin. After administration of one dose of infliximab, there was a clear halting of progression of blistering and an apparent dramatic improvement. We consider it likely that the administration of infliximab led to the improvement in this child and that anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha therapy may be a logical treatment for TEN, given the possible underlying pathologic process. Well-conducted studies on the safety and efficacy of any such treatment are urgently required.
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Pediatric dermatology · Mar 2014
Epidemiology of ophthalmologic disease associated with erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis in hospitalized children in the United States.
The objective of the current study was to characterize the epidemiology and resource use of U. S. children hospitalized with ophthalmologic disease secondary to erythema multiforme (EM), Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). We studied children ages 5 to 19 years hospitalized in 2005 in 11 states, encompassing 38% of the U. ⋯ In children with EM, SJS, or TEN, ophthalmologic disease was most common in those with concurrent Mycoplasma pneumoniae and herpes simplex virus infections. Ophthalmologic disease was associated with considerably higher inpatient resource use in this population. Children with EM, SJS, or TEN should be screened and treated early for ophthalmologic disease to prevent morbidity and minimize long-term sequellae.
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Pediatric dermatology · Mar 2014
Case ReportsMeningothelial hamartoma associated with nevus sebaceus.
Meningothelial hamartoma is a rare lesion of ectopic meningothelial elements that usually presents on the scalp at birth or in early childhood. The characteristic spindle cells infiltrate through collagen and stain positively for epithelial membrane antigen and vimentin but are negative for CD31 and CD34. ⋯ We describe the case of a 17-month-old girl who presented with a meningothelial hamartoma in association with a nevus sebaceus. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second case reported.