Journal of vascular surgery
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Inflammation is a key driver of excessive neointimal hyperplasia within vein grafts. Recent work demonstrates that specialized proresolving lipid mediators biosynthesized from omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as resolvin D1 (RvD1), actively orchestrate the process of inflammation resolution. We investigated the effects of local perivascular delivery of RvD1 in a rabbit vein graft model. ⋯ Local perivascular delivery of RvD1 attenuates vein graft hyperplasia without associated toxicity in a rabbit carotid bypass model. This effect appears to be mediated by both reduced leukocyte recruitment and decreased cell proliferation within the graft. Perivascular PLGA films may also impart protection through biomechanical scaffolding in this venous arterialization model. Our studies provide further support for the potential therapeutic role of specialized proresolving lipid mediators such as D-series resolvins in modulating vascular injury and repair.
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Outcomes of infrainguinal bypass surgery (IBS) in patients with renal transplants are largely undescribed. This study evaluated perioperative and long-term outcomes of IBS using autogenous and prosthetic conduits in a large population-based cohort of renal transplantation patients. ⋯ We have presented postoperative and long-term outcomes of IBS in renal transplantation patients. Autogenous bypasses outperform prosthetics with regard to primary assisted patency, secondary patency, and limb salvage. Given the modest survival advantage conferred by renal transplantation, maximum efforts should be made to create bypasses with autogenous conduits when it is feasible. These results should inform the patient's and surgeon's expectations in planning of IBS for these patients.
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The purpose of our study was to investigate the effect of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), endothelial-differentiated ASCs (EC/ASCs), and various conditioned media (CM) on wound healing in a diabetic swine model. We hypothesized that ASC-based therapies would accelerate wound healing. ⋯ Cellular therapy with ASCs, EC/ASCs, and topical CM accelerated diabetic wound healing in the swine model. Enhanced angiogenesis and immunomodulation might be key contributors to this process.
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Resolvins have been shown to attenuate inflammation, whereas NETosis, the process of neutrophils releasing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), produces increased inflammation. It is hypothesized that treatment of animals with resolvin D1 (RvD1) would reduce abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) formation by inhibiting NETosis. ⋯ RvD1-mediated inhibition of NETosis may represent a future medical treatment for the attenuation of AAA growth.