European journal of anaesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of positive end-expiratory pressure/recruitment manoeuvres compared with zero end-expiratory pressure on atelectasis in children as tracked by ultrasound: A randomised clinical trial.
Atelectasis is a common postoperative complication. Peri-operative lung protection can reduce atelectasis; however, it is not clear whether this persists into the postoperative period. ⋯ The reduced atelectasis provided by lung-protective ventilation does not persist from 15 min after extubation onwards. Further studies are needed to determine if it yields better results in other types of surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The efficacy of high flow nasal oxygenation for maintaining maternal oxygenation during rapid sequence induction in pregnancy: A prospective randomised clinical trial.
High-flow nasal oxygenation (HFNO) for pre-oxygenation in rapid sequence induction (RSI) has only been assessed in volunteer parturients without intubation. ⋯ Compared with SFM, HFNO provided a higher PaO2 and EtO2 immediately after intubation in parturients. HFNO is safe as a method of oxygenation during RSI in parturients undergoing general anaesthesia for caesarean section.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of positive end-expiratory pressure during anaesthesia induction on nonhypoxic apnoea time in infants: A randomised controlled trial.
Hypoxaemia occurs frequently in infants during anaesthetic induction. ⋯ www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03540940.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Optimal positive end-expiratory pressure to prevent anaesthesia-induced atelectasis in infants: A prospective, randomised, double-blind trial.
Paediatric patients have a particularly high incidence of anaesthesia-induced atelectasis. Applying positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) with an alveolar recruitment manoeuvre has been substantially studied and adopted in adults; however, few studies have been conducted in children. ⋯ To reduce anaesthesia-induced atelectasis measured by ultrasound in healthy infants undergoing low abdominal, genitourinary or superficial regional operations, 6 cmH2O of PEEP was more effective than 3 cmH2O. PEEP of 9 cmH2O was comparable with 6 cmH2O.