European journal of anaesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of head and neck positions on tracheal intubation using a McGRATH MAC video laryngoscope: A randomised, prospective study.
Different head and neck positions may affect video laryngoscopy in terms of laryngeal exposure, intubation difficulty, advancement of the tracheal tube into the glottis and the occurrence of palatopharyngeal mucosal injury. ⋯ The head elevation position facilitated tracheal intubation using a McGRATH MAC video laryngoscope compared with a simple head extension or sniffing position.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Postoperative recovery after breast cancer surgery: A randomised controlled trial of opioid-based versus opioid-free anaesthesia with thoracic paravertebral block.
Perioperative use of opioids has revealed significant adverse effects associated with poor postoperative outcomes. ⋯ TPVB-based opioid-free anaesthesia improved early postoperative quality of recovery without compromising pain control in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Variable ventilation versus stepwise lung recruitment manoeuvres for lung recruitment: A comparative study in an experimental model of atelectasis.
Variable ventilation recruits alveoli in atelectatic lungs, but it is unknown how it compares with conventional recruitment manoeuvres. ⋯ In this model of lung atelectasis, variable ventilation and stepwise recruitment manoeuvres effectively recruited lungs, but only variable ventilation did not adversely affect haemodynamics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of paediatric caudal injection volume on optic nerve sheath diameter and regional cerebral oximetry: A randomised trial.
Caudal injections commonly used for neuraxial anaesthesia in children can displace cerebrospinal fluid cranially causing safety concerns in terms of raised intracranial pressure. Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is a noninvasive surrogate for the measurement of intracranial pressure. Regional cerebral oximetry (CrSO 2 ) can monitor brain oxygenation, which may decrease by a reduction in cerebral flow due to increased intracranial pressure. ⋯ Caudal injection with 1.25 ml kg -1 increased ONSD, an indirect measurement of ICP, more than 0.8 ml kg -1 and neither volume caused a clinically important reduction in CrSO 2 .
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A continuous gas flow provided by flow-controlled ventilation (FCV) facilitates accurate dynamic compliance measurement and allows the clinician to individually optimise positive end-expiratory and peak pressure settings accordingly. ⋯ In this oleic acid-induced porcine ARDS model, individualised FCV significantly improved gas exchange and haemodynamic stability compared with PCV.