European journal of anaesthesiology
-
The effects of intra-aortic balloon pumping (IABP) on cerebral perfusion are still a matter of debate. End-diastolic reversal of blood flow in cerebral arteries has been observed in a small number of patients. We prospectively investigated the incidence and the amount of transient cerebral artery blood flow reversal during balloon pumping in patients recovering from cardiac surgery. ⋯ Left ventricular support with IABP significantly changed flow patterns in basal cerebral arteries of our patients. In 35% of patients, support resulted in a transient reversal of intracranial blood flow which counterbalanced a slight increase in mean antegrade flow.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Melatonin vs. midazolam premedication in children: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
Unlike midazolam, melatonin premedication is not associated with cognitive impairment in adults despite its anxiolytic properties. The use of melatonin as a premedicant in children has not been reported. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study compared the perioperative effects of different doses of melatonin and midazolam in children. ⋯ Melatonin was not only as effective as midazolam in alleviating preoperative anxiety in children, but it was also associated with a tendency towards faster recovery, lower incidence of excitement postoperatively and a lower incidence of sleep disturbance at week 2 postoperatively.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Insignificant effect of desflurane-fentanyl-thiopental on hepatocellular integrity--a comparison with total intravenous anaesthesia using propofol-remifentanil.
Inhalational anaesthetics have been associated with hepatotoxicity. Even desflurane, with its low solubility in blood and tissues, and its minimal hepatic biotransformation, is known to affect hepatic integrity. The effects of propofol on hepatic function are, however, a matter of controversy. Alpha-glutathione S-transferase (alpha-GST), a sensitive and specific biomarker for hepatic integrity, was measured to assess the influence of total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) with propofol vs. anaesthesia with desflurane. ⋯ The use of propofol as part of a TIVA regimen seems to have no influence on hepatocellular function during and after surgery. In contrast, patients receiving desflurane showed a transient slight, but significant, increase of alpha-GST to above the normal upper limit after anaesthesia, although this was without further clinical relevance.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
The effect of inhalational anaesthetics on QTc interval.
The aim of this study was to assess time dependent cumulative effects of three different inhalation anaesthetics on QTc interval during the maintenance of anaesthesia. ⋯ We conclude that halothane 0.8%, isoflurane 1% and sevoflurane 2% do not prolong QTc interval.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Decreased mivacurium infusion rate and delayed neuromuscular recovery after metoclopramide: a randomized double blind placebo-controlled study.
Metoclopramide is an antiemetic drug which inhibits plasma cholinesterase activity. We have compared the mivacurium infusion requirements and neuromuscular recovery after administration of metoclopramide to a group of adults compared to a control group. ⋯ Metoclopramide enhances the effect of a mivacurium infusion.