European journal of anaesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
No difference in electroencephalographic power spectra or sensory-evoked potentials in patients anaesthetized with desflurane or sevoflurane.
Hitherto, neither desflurane nor sevoflurane, with similar physicochemical properties, have been compared with regard to their effects on the central nervous system. We compared the effects of desflurane and sevoflurane on electrical cortical activity and sensory transmission at two anaesthetic concentrations in patients undergoing hysterectomy. ⋯ Both desflurane and sevoflurane possess a similar profile with regard to their hypnotic effects and a similar outline in depressing propagation within the sensory nervous system. Cortical nervous effects are mirrored closely in heart rate and systolic blood pressure.
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Sepsis is an infection-induced syndrome characterized by a generalized inflammatory state. The normal reaction to infection involves a series of complex immunological processes. A potent, complex immunological cascade ensures a prompt protective response to microbial invasion in human beings. ⋯ Infected fluid collections and/or infected necrotic tissues should be drained or debrided without delay. Adequate nutritional support is indicated in the management of the septic patient. A number of adjuvant therapies, aimed at blunting/downregulating the host immune response to bacterial infection are currently under intensive investigation; however, the complexity of immunological defences and the potential for complementary interaction of the different components of the inflammatory cascade make the development of these pharmacological interventions difficult.
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Unplanned hospital admission is a measure of quality of care in the setting of day-case surgery. We set out to identify the incidence and causes of unplanned hospital admission in a paediatric day-case unit. ⋯ This study demonstrated that the incidence and causes of unplanned hospital admission following day-case surgery in children are similar to those for adults.
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The perception of a looming manpower shortage led the French College of Anaesthesiologists (CFAR) and the French Society of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care (SFAR), with assistance from the National Institute for Demographic Studies (INED), to conduct a national survey of French anaesthesiologists in order to determine precise physician characteristics data, analyse professional practices and project future service provision. ⋯ Future service provision must take account of falling numbers of new anaesthesiologists and an increase in retirements, but must also include changes in working practices, such as the European Working Time Directive. If anaesthesia manpower shortages are to be avoided, there must be a restructuring of the work-place, a redefinition of tasks and improved management of working time.
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Comparative Study
Can we rely on arterial line sampling in performing activated plasma thromboplastin time after cardiac surgery?
Arterial catheters are routinely used to sample blood for clotting studies in most cardiothoracic intensive care units. The clotting profile in surgical bleeding after cardiac surgery influences further management. Aspiration and discard of a certain amount of blood from the line, prior to sampling, are assumed to clear heparin contamination. We have investigated this assumption through analysis of the clotting profile by simultaneous arterial line and peripheral venous samples. ⋯ Samples withdrawn from heparinized arterial lines cannot be relied upon for APTT ratio results.