European journal of anaesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of paediatric caudal injection volume on optic nerve sheath diameter and regional cerebral oximetry: A randomised trial.
Caudal injections commonly used for neuraxial anaesthesia in children can displace cerebrospinal fluid cranially causing safety concerns in terms of raised intracranial pressure. Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is a noninvasive surrogate for the measurement of intracranial pressure. Regional cerebral oximetry (CrSO 2 ) can monitor brain oxygenation, which may decrease by a reduction in cerebral flow due to increased intracranial pressure. ⋯ Caudal injection with 1.25 ml kg -1 increased ONSD, an indirect measurement of ICP, more than 0.8 ml kg -1 and neither volume caused a clinically important reduction in CrSO 2 .
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A continuous gas flow provided by flow-controlled ventilation (FCV) facilitates accurate dynamic compliance measurement and allows the clinician to individually optimise positive end-expiratory and peak pressure settings accordingly. ⋯ In this oleic acid-induced porcine ARDS model, individualised FCV significantly improved gas exchange and haemodynamic stability compared with PCV.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of transnasal humidified rapid-insufflation ventilatory exchange on gastric insufflation during anaesthesia induction: A randomised controlled trial and multivariate analysis.
Mask ventilation during anaesthesia induction is generally used to provide adequate oxygenation but improper mask ventilation can result in gastric insufflation. It has been reported that oxygen administered by transnasal humidified rapid-insufflation ventilatory exchange (THRIVE) during anaesthesia induction can maintain oxygenation but its effect on gastric insufflation is unknown. ⋯ During anaesthesia induction, the THRIVE technique provided adequate oxygenation with a reduced incidence of gastric insufflation. PCFV, advancing age, obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome and the Mallampati score were found to be independent risk factors for gastric insufflation during anaesthesia induction.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Variable ventilation versus stepwise lung recruitment manoeuvres for lung recruitment: A comparative study in an experimental model of atelectasis.
Variable ventilation recruits alveoli in atelectatic lungs, but it is unknown how it compares with conventional recruitment manoeuvres. ⋯ In this model of lung atelectasis, variable ventilation and stepwise recruitment manoeuvres effectively recruited lungs, but only variable ventilation did not adversely affect haemodynamics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Efficacy and safety of HSK3486 vs. propofol for the induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia: A multicentre, single-blind, randomised, parallel-group, phase 3 clinical trial.
HSK3486 (ciprofol) is a 2,6-disubstituted phenol derivative that acts like propofol as an agonist at the gamma-aminobutyric acid-A (GABA A ) receptor. ⋯ HSK3486 had a noninferior efficacy profile compared to propofol, exhibiting excellent tolerance.