European journal of anaesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
The laryngeal mask and VBM laryngeal tube compared during spontaneous ventilation. A pilot study.
The laryngeal tube is a variant of the oesophageal obturator airway. The manufacturer claims that it is an alternative to ventilation with a facemask, laryngeal mask or endotracheal tube. To date, published studies have only involved controlled ventilation. We wished to find out if its use in spontaneous ventilation was equivalent to using the laryngeal mask airway. ⋯ We conclude that the laryngeal tube is not a satisfactory device for management of the airway during spontaneous ventilation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic gynaecological surgery. Combined antiemetic treatment with tropisetron and metoclopramide vs. metoclopramide alone.
Female patients undergoing gynaecological procedures, especially laparoscopically, are at high risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting. No available antiemetic is entirely effective. This double-blinded randomized trial examines the efficacy and safety of tropisetron and metoclopramide in combination and compares the results with metoclopramide alone in laparoscopic gynaecological surgery. ⋯ The combination of the antiemetics was superior, which is probably explained by the fact that the two drugs have different sites of action, thus preventing emesis by blocking different pathways.
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and objective Ischaemic colitis can be a serious complication after aortic surgery. The paucity of clinical symptoms makes its diagnosis particularly difficult and often delayed. Automated on-line tonometry is now proposed to monitor intestinal perfusion. This study was designed to assess the use of semi-continuous sigmoid-to-arterial [P(r-a)CO(2)] PCO(2) gap monitoring in aortic surgery to detect colonic ischaemia. ⋯ Taken together, these data suggest that regional and automated capnometry may be easily used non-invasively to detect peroperative intestinal ischaemia in aortic surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
The influence of fentanyl vs. s-ketamine on intubating conditions during induction of anaesthesia with etomidate and rocuronium.
In the present study, we investigated the combination of etomidate and s-ketamine with regard to its suitability for modified rapid-sequence induction using rocuronium for muscle relaxation. ⋯ The combination of etomidate and s-ketamine for anaesthesia induction produces mostly excellent intubating conditions after 60 s using only 0.6 mg kg-1 of rocuronium. This combination of drugs may be a useful alternative, if succinylcholine needs to be avoided, for modified rapid-sequence induction.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
The effect of lidocaine on neutrophil respiratory burst during induction of general anaesthesia and tracheal intubation.
Respiratory burst is an essential component of the neutrophil's biocidal function. In vitro, sodium thiopental, isoflurane and lidocaine each inhibit neutrophil respiratory burst. The objectives of this study were (a) to determine the effect of a standard clinical induction/tracheal intubation sequence on neutrophil respiratory burst and (b) to determine the effect of intravenous lidocaine administration during induction of anaesthesia on neutrophil respiratory burst. ⋯ Induction of anaesthesia and tracheal intubation using thiopentone and isoflurane, inhibit neutrophil respiratory burst. This effect may be diminished by the administration of lidocaine.