Der Unfallchirurg
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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a very important role in the diagnosis of musculoskeletal conditions; its importance in orthopedic trauma continues to grow. To ensure optimal imaging and to be able to answer all clinically relevant questions, some prerequisites must be taken into account. ⋯ Second, the surgeon must have basic knowledge regarding this technology to optimally use all its possibilities. The aim of this article is to familiarize the reader with basic MRI in traumatology focusing on weightings and sequences.
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Abdominal trauma represents the leading cause of haemorrhagic shock in the severely injured patient and is associated with high mortality and morbidity rates. The trauma surgeon has a central role in the multidisciplinary team addressing the specific diagnostic and therapeutic needs of patients with abdominal trauma. ⋯ Another key development is the introduction of the damage control concept for the care of patients with abdominal trauma. The present manuscript comprises a review of the current management of abdominal trauma with an emphasis on diagnostic and therapeutic innovations.
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Falling on the outstretched hand is a common trauma mechanism. In contrast to fractures of the distal radius, which usually are diagnosed on plain film radiographs, identifying wrist injuries requires further diagnostic methods, e.g., MRI or CT. ⋯ MRI shows a high reliability in the diagnosis of scaphoid fractures and the America College of Radiology recommends MRI as method of choice after X-ray images have been made. In the diagnosis of ligament and discoid lesions, MR arthrography (MRA) using intraarticular contrast agent has considerably higher accuracy than i.v.-enhanced and especially unenhanced MRI.
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In addition to ultrasound and conventional x-ray, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important role in the visualization of lesions of the knee. It allows the orthopaedic surgeon to safely detect ruptures of the cruciate ligaments, the meniscus, osteochondral lesions and other ligamentary structures such as the collateral ligaments and the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL). ⋯ This articles aims to give the reader a comprehensive overview on current concepts and techniques in the use of MRI for lesions of the knee. It focuses on patellar dislocations, where MRI plays a dominant role in supporting decision making for the best therapeutic strategy.