Seminars in oncology nursing
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To describe the evidence that palliative care, provided concurrently with disease-modifying treatment early in the course of a cancer diagnosis, can improve quality of life, length of survival, symptom burden, mood, and utilization of health services. ⋯ Oncology nurses can improve access by becoming knowledgeable about generalist palliative care and by advocating for local and national practice change.
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To provide an overview of the four major palliative care delivery models: ambulatory clinics, home-based programs, inpatient palliative care units, and inpatient consultation services. The advantages and disadvantages of each model and the generalist and specialist roles in palliative care will be discussed. ⋯ Nurses caring for oncology patients with life-limiting disease should be informed about these models for optimal impact on patient care outcomes. Oncology nurses should demonstrate generalist skills in the care of the seriously ill and access specialist palliative care providers as warranted by the patient's condition.
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To describe indications and expected outcomes for palliative radiotherapy and to highlight opportunities for nurse involvement in palliative radiotherapy. ⋯ Nurses involved in the care of patients receiving palliative radiotherapy must be aware of the indications and expected outcomes associated with therapy. Nurses can play an important role in the management of symptoms, education, and communication between the team and the patient and family.
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To describe the process of symptom management in the care of oncology patients with advanced cancer. ⋯ Effective symptom management requires that oncology nurses holistically assess the patient's symptom experience and goals of care, formulate specific symptom diagnoses, and develop, implement, and evaluate the outcomes of an evidence-based plan of care that is individualized and acceptable to the patient.
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Identify and discuss the nursing implications of personalized and precision oncology care. ⋯ Nurses face increasing challenges and opportunities in communication, support, and advocacy for patients given the availability of advanced testing, care and treatment in personalized and precision medicine. Nursing education and continuing education, clinical decision support, and health systems changes will be necessary to provide personalized multidisciplinary care to patients, in which nurses play a key role.