Seminars in ultrasound, CT, and MR
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Ocular neoplasms, both primary and metastatic, may present with visual disturbance or vision loss and often are asymptomatic. Clinical ophthalmologic examination may demonstrate leukocoria, abnormal pupillary light reflex, or a mass lesion with or without retinal detachment or hemorrhage. ⋯ Familiarity with their common imaging appearances, the common patterns of spread, and the diagnostic findings of greatest concern to the ocular oncologist will enhance accuracy of imaging interpretation. Clinical ophthalmologic examination and imaging using B-scan ultrasound, A-scan ultrasound, fluorescein angiography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging have complementary roles in ocular tumor staging and treatment assessment.
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Semin. Ultrasound CT MR · Oct 2010
ReviewMagnetic resonance imaging for the evaluation of acute abdominal pain in pregnancy.
The investigation of acute abdominal pain in pregnancy is challenging. The use of ultrasound may be limited due to the patient's change in body habitus and computed tomography is not desirable due to fetal irradiation. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has thus become increasingly popular in the evaluation of such patients, due to its lack of ionizing radiation, multiplanar capability and high contrast resolution. This review will detail the MRI technique required to image the pregnant abdomen and describe the MRI features of common causes of acute abdominal pain in pregnancy.
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Semin. Ultrasound CT MR · Apr 2010
ReviewState-of-the-art in pediatric body and musculoskeletal magnetic resonance imaging.
Pediatric body and musculoskeletal MRI has seen tremendous advances over the past few years. These advances have enabled high-quality imaging in even the smallest children and expanded the range of clinical problems amenable to MRI. In this review, we highlight some advances: transition to 3 Tesla, parallel imaging, motion compensation, and new contrast agents. Given the increasing saliency of concerns regarding ionizing radiation from computed tomography, these advances could not be more welcome.
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Semin. Ultrasound CT MR · Dec 2009
ReviewCraniosynostosis: a radiological and surgical perspective.
Craniosynostosis is the premature fusion of the cranial sutures. It is identified early in life either due to cosmetic deformity or due to more serious functional complications. ⋯ We review the radiological features of the craniosynostoses, complications, and associated conditions that may alter patient management. Common surgical techniques and postoperative appearances are illustrated in the article.
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The increasing frequency of incidentally detected renal masses supports the need for accurate imaging characterization to avoid unnecessary surgery/interventional procedures. Furthermore, the need for accurate presurgical diagnosis of specific histologic subtypes of renal malignancies is increasingly important as advances in understanding of tumor biology direct targeted courses of therapy. ⋯ Although the spectrum of masses that may occur in the kidneys is broad, specific imaging features may assist in their accurate diagnosis. Examples of the imaging appearance of common and uncommon renal masses are provided along with a protocol for comprehensive magnetic resonance examination of the kidneys.