Anaesthesia and intensive care
-
Anaesth Intensive Care · Apr 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA comparison of the GlideScope with the Macintosh laryngoscope for tracheal intubation in patients with simulated difficult airway.
We compared the use of the GlideScope and the conventional Macintosh laryngoscope in a simulated difficult airway. The primary hypothesis was that time to intubation would be shorter using the GlideScope than using the Macintosh laryngoscope. After obtaining approval from the ethics committee and written informed consent, we recruited 60 ASA 1 and 2 patients to our randomized controlled trial. ⋯ Group G had a significantly shorter intubation time than group M (mean 41.8s +/- SD 20.2 vs mean 56.2s +/- 26.6, P < 0.05). The GlideScope improved the laryngeal view and decreased time for tracheal intubation time when compared with the Macintosh laryngoscope in patients with simulated difficult airway. The GlideScope may be a good alternative for managing the difficult airway but clinical trials evaluating its use on patients with an actual difficult airway are needed.
-
Anaesth Intensive Care · Apr 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffect of nitrous oxide in reducing pain of propofol injection in adult patients.
In a randomized, double-blind, prospective trial we compared the efficacy of pre-treatment with nitrous oxide (with or without premixed lignocaine in propofol) for the prevention of propofol-induced pain. Ninety consecutive patients were recruited in the study and divided into three groups of 30 each, who received either 50% nitrous oxide in oxygen along with lignocaine 40 mg mixed in 1% propofol 20 ml (Group NL), 50% nitrous oxide in oxygen without lignocaine in propofol (Group N), and 50% oxygen in air with lignocaine mixed in propofol 40 mg (Group L). Pain scores were graded on a four point verbal rating scale (0-3). ⋯ There was no statistical difference observed between group N and group L. Inhalation of 50% nitrous oxide reduces pain on propofol injection. The combination of 50% nitrous oxide and lignocaine mixed with propofol was the most effective treatment.
-
Anaesth Intensive Care · Feb 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialSpinal-induced hypotension in elderly patients with hip fracture. A comparison of glucose-free bupivacaine with glucose-free bupivacaine and fentanyl.
Intraoperative hypotension is a common and potentially deleterious event in elderly patients undergoing spinal anaesthesia for repair of hip fractures. The synergism between intrathecal opioids and local anaesthetics may allow a reduction in the dose of local anaesthetic and cause less sympathetic block and hypotension, while still maintaining adequate anaesthesia. We studied 40 elderly patients having either an insertion of a dynamic hip screw or a hemiarthroplasty and compared 9.0 mg glucose-free bupivacaine with added fentanyl 20 microg (group BF) with 11.0 m glucose-free bupivacaine alone (group B). ⋯ The incidence and frequency of hypotension in group BF were less than in group B. Similarly, falls in systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressures were all less in group BF than in group B. However, there were four failed blocks in group BF and one in group B.
-
Anaesth Intensive Care · Dec 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialEffect of diclofenac pretreatment on pain during propofol injection.
In a randomized, double-blind, controlled trial, 120 ASA 1 or 2 patients were allocated to receive diclofenac or normal saline as pretreatment to assess their effect on incidence and severity of pain during propofol injection. Diclofenac in two different doses, i.e. 25 mg and 15 mg, was tried for this purpose. The overall incidence of pain did not significantly differ among the groups, but the incidence of moderate to severe pain following propofol injection was significantly less in patients who received diclofenac 25 mg (P = 0.0017) or 15 mg (P = 0.0363) than in those who received saline. However, the diclofenac itself was associated with mild pain in some patients.
-
Anaesth Intensive Care · Dec 2004
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialGranisetron and ondansetron for prevention of nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy.
Modified radical mastectomy is associated with a relatively high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). This study was undertaken to evaluate the comparative profile and efficacy of ondansetron and granisetron to prevent PONV after modified radical mastectomy. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, sixty female patients received ondansetron 4 mg, granisetron 1 mg or saline intravenously just before induction of anaesthesia (n = 20 for each group). ⋯ The incidence of PONV was 25% with ondansetron, 20% with granisetron and 70% with saline (P < 0.05, Chi-square test with Yates' correction factor). The incidence of adverse events was comparable among the groups. Ondansetron and granisetron are both effective for reducing the incidence of PONV in female patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy.