The Clinical journal of pain
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Impact of controlled-release oxycodone on efficacy beliefs and coping efforts among osteoarthritis patients with moderate to severe pain.
This study examines the impact of controlled-release oxycodone (OxyContin) on cognitive-behavioral indicators of efficacy beliefs and coping efforts in patients with osteoarthritis who experience persistent pain. ⋯ The findings indicate that controlled-release oxyco- done treatment accounted for improvements in coping with pain beyond that of placebo controls. This medication may be most beneficial to osteoarthritis patients when incorporated as part of a multidisciplinary approach to pain management.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Body movements: an important additional factor in discriminating pain from stress in preterm infants.
To describe developmentally appropriate, specific body movements and other biobehavioral responses of preterm infants to a group of routine care giving tasks (Clustered Care), and to compare responses to acute pain with those of Clustered Care. ⋯ Changes in facial activity and heart rate remain the most sensitive markers of pain in preterm infants. Tactile procedures, such as diaper changing, produce lower intensity facial and physiological responses than pain procedures, but greater body reactions. Also, the effects from tactile procedures appear to last longer. Adding observations of a small number of specific body movements to the assessment of pain and stress provides complementary information particularly for those infants who may show dampened facial reactivity as a result of repeated pain exposure.
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Review Comparative Study
Oral methadone for chronic noncancer pain: a systematic literature review of reasons for administration, prescription patterns, effectiveness, and side effects.
To assess the indications, prescription patterns, effectiveness, and side effects of oral methadone for the treatment of chronic noncancer pain. ⋯ Oral methadone is used for various noncancer pain syndromes, at different settings and with no prescription pattern that could be identifiable. Starting, maintenance, and maximum doses showed great variability. The figure of 59% effectiveness of methadone should be interpreted very cautiously, as it seems overrated due to the poor quality of the uncontrolled studies and their tendency to report positive results. The utilization of oral methadone for noncancer pain is based on primarily uncontrolled literature. Well-designed controlled trials may provide more accurate information on the drug's efficiency in pain syndromes and in particular neuropathic pain.
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Comparative Study
Stressful experiences in childhood and chronic back pain in the general population.
To determine if stressful experiences in childhood are associated with an increased risk of chronic back problems later in life. ⋯ Our study shows that persons reporting multiple stressful experiences in childhood are at increased risk of developing chronic back problems.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Consistent management of repeated procedural pain with sucrose in preterm neonates: Is it effective and safe for repeated use over time?
Preterm neonates undergo numerous painful procedures in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Sucrose, with and without pacifiers, is effective and safe for relieving pain from single painful events. However, repeated use of sucrose for multiple painful procedures has not been adequately evaluated. The study objectives were to: 1) determine the efficacy and safety of consistent management of repeated procedural pain with sucrose; and 2) explore the impact of consistent pain management on clinical outcomes and neurobiological risk status. ⋯ Consistent management of painful procedures with sucrose plus pacifier was effective and safe for preterm neonates during their stay in the NICU. Further exploration of consistent pain management with sucrose on clinical, developmental, and neurobiological outcomes is required.