The Clinical journal of pain
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Transcranial direct current stimulation of the motor cortex in the treatment of chronic nonspecific low back pain: a randomized, double-blind exploratory study.
To test the proof of principle that active anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) applied to the motor cortex reduces pain significantly more than sham stimulation in a group of participants with chronic nonspecific low back pain. ⋯ These results do not provide evidence that tDCS is effective in the treatment of chronic back pain. The use of a small convenience sample limits the generalizability of these findings and precludes definitive conclusions on the efficacy of tDCS in chronic nonspecific low back pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Acid sensitization of esophageal mucosal afferents: implication for symptom perception in patients across the gastroesophageal reflux disease spectrum.
Sensitization of esophageal chemoreceptors, either directly by intermittent acid exposure or indirectly through esophagitis-associated inflammatory mediators, is likely to be the mechanism underlying the perception of heartburn. ⋯ (1) Esophageal acid infusion sensitizes it to subsequent electrical and chemical stimulation. (2) The acid-related sensitization is greater in gastroesophageal reflux disease than in controls and may influence in part symptom perception in this population. (3) Acid-related sensitization within the gastroesophageal reflux disease population is not dependant on mucosal inflammation.
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Hypnic headache is a rare disorder characterized by frequent nocturnal attacks of a generalized headache in the elderly. ⋯ Our results suggest that sodium ferulate could be a potential treatment for hypnic headache.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Parent satisfaction with acute pediatric pain treatment at home.
Outpatient pain management after acute injuries is an important part of emergency department (ED) care, but there is little evidence to support best practice. Satisfaction with care is one way to assess the effectiveness of current practice. This study describes the outpatient pain experience for children with an arm fracture and explores the variables associated with parents' dissatisfaction with pain treatment for 2 analgesics after ED care. ⋯ Children with arm fractures experience noteworthy pain in the outpatient setting. Parents' dissatisfaction with home pain management for children suggests that more research is needed to evaluate the factors that result in improvements in both parent and child satisfaction and the most effective way of producing those changes.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Combination of pregabalin and dexamethasone for postoperative pain and functional outcome in patients undergoing lumbar spinal surgery: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.
In this randomized-controlled study, we investigated the effects of combined administration of pregabalin and dexamethasone on postoperative pain and analgesic requirements, and functional outcome in patients who underwent lumbar spinal surgery. ⋯ Combined administration of pregabalin and dexamethasone conferred analgesic benefits superior to those of pregabalin alone. This regimen also helped facilitate return to normal daily activity after surgery.