The Clinical journal of pain
-
Controlled Clinical Trial
Clinical Phenotyping of Youth With New-Onset Musculoskeletal Pain: A Controlled Cohort Study.
The course of pediatric musculoskeletal pain from acute to chronic has not been well described and there is limited understanding of how to identify individuals with new-onset pain who may be predisposed to developing persisting symptoms. Thus, the purpose of this study was to describe the clinical phonotype of treatment-seeking youth with new-onset musculoskeletal pain compared with youth with and without chronic pain. Further, we tested predictors of pain-related disability and pain sensitivity in the new-onset pain sample. ⋯ Clinical phenotyping of youth with new-onset musculoskeletal pain highlights factors relevant to the pain experience. Future research can examine the roles of these variables in predicting longitudinal risk for chronic pain and disability.
-
Suicidal ideation (SI) is common during adolescence and may have lethal outcomes. Despite evidence of the high prevalence and impact of suicidality in adults with chronic pain (CP), remarkably little is known about suicidality in adolescents with CP. This study aimed to examine the rates and characteristics of SI in a clinical sample of adolescents with CP compared with youth without CP. We also examined the relationship between pain-related and psychosocial factors and SI in youth. ⋯ Contrary to hypotheses and past findings in adults with CP, adolescents with CP did not endorse SI more frequently than peers without CP. Several psychosocial correlates were significantly associated with SI severity in our sample. Findings from this study serve as a foundation for future research on SI and associated risk factors in this population.
-
The purpose of the present study was to determine whether pain is associated with specific aspects of academic performance, that is, poorer grades, and with factors critical to an adolescent's academic performance, that is, decreased emotional well-being and attention problems. We hypothesized that the association between pain and school grades is mediated by emotional well-being and attention problems. ⋯ The present study shows that the association between pain and Dutch adolescents grades is mediated by reduced emotional well-being and attention problems. The association between pain and math grades is mediated by emotional problems. The results suggest that an intervention targeted at pain in adolescents could have a positive effect on their emotional well-being, attention, and school performance.
-
Quadriceps muscle weakness and vitamin D deficiency are associated with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between quadriceps muscle strength (QMS) and vitamin D in KOA. ⋯ These findings demonstrated a significant correlation between QMS with both serum vitamin D and knee pain, indicating a confounding role for quadriceps muscle in the association between serum vitamin D and osteoarthritis knee pain. On the basis of the findings of this study, vitamin D supplementation may affect pain by strengthening quadriceps muscle in KOA.
-
To evaluate the effectiveness of passive physical modalities for the management of soft tissue injuries of the elbow. ⋯ Our review suggests that transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation provides no added benefit to patients with lateral epicondylitis. The effectiveness of an elbow brace, shockwave therapy, or low-level laser therapy for the treatment of lateral epicondylitis is inconclusive. We found little evidence to inform the use of passive physical modalities for the management of elbow soft tissue injuries.