The Clinical journal of pain
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Pressure algometry is used for assessment of pain sensitivity. In this study the relation between tissue characteristics and pressure pain thresholds was investigated. ⋯ The pressure pain sensitivity of the deep layer is related to the amount of muscle strain, which is affected by the muscle hardness and the thickness of adipose tissue. This is clinically relevant as these two factors are not taken into consideration when pressure pain assessments are performed in clinical routine.
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It is likely that people with chronic pain who have low self-efficacy have a worse prognosis. A standard, high-quality measure of self-efficacy in such populations would improve evidence, by allowing meaningful comparisons amongst subgroups and between treatments, and by facilitating pooling across studies in systematic reviews. ⋯ Further research should focus on assessing responsiveness and interpretability of these questionnaires. Researchers should select questionnaires that are most appropriate for their study aims and population and contribute to further validation of these scales. Future research should measure outcome expectancy alongside self-efficacy to best predict future behavior.
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Our primary goals were to determine whether preexisting fear of pain and pain sensitivity contributed to post-exercise pain intensity. ⋯ Combined, these findings suggest that the initial reports of pain after injury may be more strongly influenced by fear whereas the inflammatory process and pain sensitivity may play a larger role for later pain intensity reports.
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To investigate the effect of experimental neck muscle pain on the activation of the cervical extensor muscles during the performance of a cervical extension exercise by the use of muscle functional magnetic resonance imaging. ⋯ This is the first study that has shown pain to immediately affect the activity of both deep and superficial cervical extensor muscle layers during a cervical extension exercise. The findings support recommendations for evaluation of cervical extensor muscle function early in the management of painful cervical spine injuries.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Evaluation of the analgesic efficacy of local dexmedetomidine application.
To determine the analgesic effects of locally applied dexmedetomidine in third molar surgery under general anesthesia. ⋯ Dexmedetomidine seems to have an antihyperalgesic effect when administered locally after bilateral third molar surgery. There is no delay in psychomotor recovery or increase in postoperative clinically significant adverse events.