The Clinical journal of pain
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Comparative Study
Changes in head and neck position have a greater effect on elbow joint position sense in people with whiplash-associated disorders.
It has been shown that perception of elbow joint position is affected by changes in head and neck position. Further, people with whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) present with deficits in upper limb coordination and movement. ⋯ Elbow JPE is affected by movement of the head and neck, with smaller angles of neck rotation in people with WAD than in healthy individuals. This observation may explain deficits in upper limb coordination in people with WAD, which may be due to the presence of pain or reduced range of motion in this population.
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Comparative Study
The effect of fear of movement on muscle activation in posttraumatic neck pain disability.
Studies using surface electromyography have demonstrated a reorganization of muscle activation patterns of the neck and shoulder muscles in patients with posttraumatic neck pain disability. The neurophysiologically oriented "pain adaptation" model explains this reorganization as a useful adaptation to prevent further pain and injury. The cognitive-behavioral-oriented "fear avoidance" model suggests that fear of movement, in addition to the effects of pain, modulates the muscle activation level. ⋯ The contribution of pain intensity to the muscle activation level appeared to decrease over time after the trauma (t value=2.58, P=0.011). The results support both the "pain adaptation" and the "fear avoidance" models. It is likely that the decrease in muscle activation level is aimed at "avoiding" the use of painful muscles.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Superior hypogastric block: transdiscal versus classic posterior approach in pelvic cancer pain.
The classic posterior approach of superior hypogastric block has several technical difficulties. The transdiscal approach is a novel and easier approach for superior hypogastric which overcome these technical difficulties. ⋯ The transdiscal approach for superior hypogastric plexus block in pelvic cancer pain is easier, safer, and more effective with less side effects than the classic approach.
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Comparative Study
Ultrasound-guided facet joint injections in the middle to lower cervical spine: a CT-controlled sonoanatomic study.
The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of ultrasound as a guiding tool for simulated cervical facet joint injections in cadavers. ⋯ This preclinical study suggests that ultrasound is a useful guiding tool for facet joint injections in the cervical spine.
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Comparative Study
Pain Assessment in Noncommunicative Elderly persons--PAINE.
We describe the validation of an informant-based pain assessment for persons suffering from dementia called Pain Assessment in Noncommunicative Elderly persons (PAINE) using 2 different samples. ⋯ PAINE has the advantage of using a comprehensive list of pain symptoms on the basis of systematic questioning of direct caregivers from several institutions. The validity results suggest that this assessment could be a useful tool in detecting pain in persons with dementia.