The Clinical journal of pain
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Considerable evidence suggests that a self-reported history of physical and/or sexual abuse is more frequently reported among chronic pain populations and is associated with poorer adjustment to pain. However, previous research has typically included patients seeking treatment for pain, whereas few population-based studies have explored the association between abuse history and pain. This purpose of this study was to examine the association between self-reported history of sexual or physical abuse and recent pain complaints, health-related variables, and psychological disturbance among a nonclinical sample of young adults. ⋯ These findings suggest that a self-reported history of physical or sexual abuse is associated with increased pain complaints, health care utilization, and psychological disturbance even among young adults from a nonclinical population. Moreover, the association between abuse and pain complaints appears to be moderated at least in part by the higher levels of somatization and depression observed in the PHA group.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Does gender affect appraisal of pain and pain coping strategies?
To investigate the impact of gender and a set of pain characteristics on the threat or challenge appraisal of pain and the impact of these appraisals on the coping strategies used to manage the pain. ⋯ Interference of pain has a greater impact on threat appraisal of pain for women. Increasing threat appraisal is associated with health care utilization for women, but women's more frequent use of several coping strategies is unrelated to their appraisal of pain. Appraisal of pain may have important implications on coping and overall well-being of women and men.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Cognitive-behavioral treatment in unselected rheumatoid arthritis outpatients.
This trial was performed to evaluate the efficacy of an adjunctive cognitive-behavioral treatment compared with rheumatological treatment alone in unselected rheumatoid arthritis outpatients. ⋯ Cognitive-behavioral therapy has proven an effective adjunct to standard treatment of rheumatoid arthritis outpatients. These effects were shown in an unselected sample with increasing disease activity and with comparable changes in medication during treatment. We recommend cognitive-behavioral treatment as an desirable adjunct to standard medical treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
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Clinical Trial
Block of pinprick and cold sensation poorly correlate with relief of postoperative pain during epidural analgesia.
To test the following hypotheses: there is a correlation between spread of epidural analgesia as assessed postoperatively by pinprick/cold test and postoperative pain intensity; block of pinprick/cold sensation is associated with absence of postoperative pain. ⋯ Spread and efficacy of epidural analgesia as assessed by pinprick and cold stimulation correlate poorly with postoperative pain. These methods are of limited value both as clinical indicators of the efficacy of postoperative pain control and for investigating the effect of epidural drugs and techniques.