The Clinical journal of pain
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
The efficacy of preoperative versus postoperative rofecoxib for preventing acute postoperative dental pain: a prospective randomized crossover study using bilateral symmetrical oral surgery.
Previous data have demonstrated that rofecoxib has good analgesic efficacy for acute postoperative dental pain. However, up to half of these patients require rescue analgesics within the first 24 hours. As the timing of analgesic interventions may be an important factor in pain control, the present study tested the hypothesis that rofecoxib administered preoperatively would improve the analgesic efficacy and reduce rescue analgesic requirements within the first 24 hours compared with postoperative administration. ⋯ Rofecoxib is an excellent analgesic for preventing postoperative dental pain and when given 2 hours preoperatively rendered most patients relatively pain free, requiring no rescue analgesics on the first postoperative day.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
A randomized, controlled trial of manual therapy and specific adjuvant exercise for chronic low back pain.
This article examines the effectiveness of manual therapy with specific adjuvant exercise for treating chronic low back pain and disability. ⋯ Manual therapy with specific adjuvant exercise appears to be beneficial in treating chronic low back pain. Despite changes in pain, perceived function did not improve. It is possible that impacting chronic low back pain alone does not address psychosocial or other factors that may contribute to disability. Further studies are needed to examine the long-term effects of these interventions and to address what adjuncts are beneficial in improving function in this population.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Impact of controlled-release oxycodone on efficacy beliefs and coping efforts among osteoarthritis patients with moderate to severe pain.
This study examines the impact of controlled-release oxycodone (OxyContin) on cognitive-behavioral indicators of efficacy beliefs and coping efforts in patients with osteoarthritis who experience persistent pain. ⋯ The findings indicate that controlled-release oxyco- done treatment accounted for improvements in coping with pain beyond that of placebo controls. This medication may be most beneficial to osteoarthritis patients when incorporated as part of a multidisciplinary approach to pain management.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Body movements: an important additional factor in discriminating pain from stress in preterm infants.
To describe developmentally appropriate, specific body movements and other biobehavioral responses of preterm infants to a group of routine care giving tasks (Clustered Care), and to compare responses to acute pain with those of Clustered Care. ⋯ Changes in facial activity and heart rate remain the most sensitive markers of pain in preterm infants. Tactile procedures, such as diaper changing, produce lower intensity facial and physiological responses than pain procedures, but greater body reactions. Also, the effects from tactile procedures appear to last longer. Adding observations of a small number of specific body movements to the assessment of pain and stress provides complementary information particularly for those infants who may show dampened facial reactivity as a result of repeated pain exposure.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Consistent management of repeated procedural pain with sucrose in preterm neonates: Is it effective and safe for repeated use over time?
Preterm neonates undergo numerous painful procedures in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Sucrose, with and without pacifiers, is effective and safe for relieving pain from single painful events. However, repeated use of sucrose for multiple painful procedures has not been adequately evaluated. The study objectives were to: 1) determine the efficacy and safety of consistent management of repeated procedural pain with sucrose; and 2) explore the impact of consistent pain management on clinical outcomes and neurobiological risk status. ⋯ Consistent management of painful procedures with sucrose plus pacifier was effective and safe for preterm neonates during their stay in the NICU. Further exploration of consistent pain management with sucrose on clinical, developmental, and neurobiological outcomes is required.