Pediatric emergency care
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Pediatric emergency care · May 2013
Observational StudyIs there a relationship between hygiene practices and skin and soft tissue infections in diapered children?
The perineal and gluteal regions are the most frequent areas of skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI) in diapered children. No studies have investigated the relationship between perineal and general hygiene practices and SSTIs in this population. This study was conducted to evaluate this relationship. ⋯ Perineal and general hygiene practices were not significantly different between children with SSTI compared with children with NS or DD. Based on the results of this study, further prospective studies should evaluate diaper hygiene practices that prevent DD and subsequent SSTIs, the preventative role of day care attendance, and effective interventions that minimize the risk of recurrent SSTIs.
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Pediatric emergency care · May 2013
A substantial proportion of life-threatening injuries are sport-related.
This study aimed to assess the proportion of all life-threatening injuries that are sport-related. ⋯ Efforts should be made to prevent the number of sport-related, life-threatening injuries.
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Pediatric emergency care · May 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudySitting or tilt position for infant lumbar puncture does not increase ultrasound measurements of lumbar subarachnoid space width.
The objective of this study was to determine whether subarachnoid space width at the site of lumbar puncture in infants changed between 3 positions: flat lateral decubitus, 45-degree tilt, and sitting. ⋯ The subarachnoid space width did not significantly change between the 3 positions. An increase in lumbar puncture success rate with sitting or tilt position could be due to other factors such as increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure, increased interspinous space widening, or improved identification of landmarks.
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Pediatric emergency care · May 2013
ReviewBrief emergency department interventions for youth who use alcohol and other drugs: a systematic review.
Brief intervention (BI) is recommended for use with youth who use alcohol and other drugs. Emergency departments (EDs) can provide BIs at a time directly linked to harmful and hazardous use. The objective of this systematic review was to determine the effectiveness of ED-based BIs. ⋯ Clear benefits of using ED-based BI to reduce alcohol and other drug use and associated injuries or high-risk behaviours remain inconclusive because of variation in assessing outcomes and poor study quality.
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Pediatric emergency care · May 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyUsing the pediatric emergency department to deliver tailored safety messages: results of a randomized controlled trial.
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of a computer kiosk intervention on parents' self-reported safety knowledge as well as observed child safety seat, smoke alarm use, and safe poison storage and to compare self-reported versus observed behaviors. ⋯ These results add to the limited literature on the impact of computer tailoring home safety information. Knowledge gains were evident 4 months after intervention. Discrepancies between observed and self-reported behavior are concerning because the quality of a tailored intervention depends on the accuracy of participant self-reporting. Improved measures should be developed to encourage accurate reporting of safety behaviors.