Pediatric emergency care
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Pediatric emergency care · Feb 2015
Case ReportsA 15-month-old boy with congenital duodenal stenosis due to food impaction.
Duodenal stenosis is a type of congenital intestinal atresia syndrome. Most patients are diagnosed during the neonatal period based on recurrent vomiting, but some cases develop symptoms at an older age. We report a case with an unusual pathogenic mechanism: sudden ileus due to food impaction. ⋯ Congenital membranous duodenal stenosis and impaction of a shimeji mushroom into the narrow section of the duodenum was recognized upon endoscopy. Dilatation was successful and restenosis was not seen. Food impaction is a rare (but important) initial event in congenital duodenal stenosis, and this disorder should be included in the differential diagnosis, especially for infants/toddlers with recurrent vomiting that develops at the time of eating solid and more diverse types of food.
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Pediatric emergency care · Feb 2015
Case ReportsVenous Stroke and Status Epilepticus Due to Milk-Induced Anemia in a Child.
The risk factors for cerebral sinus venous thrombosis include dehydration, infection, and anemia. The clinical presentation in children of venous strokes associated with cerebral venous thrombosis is variable and may include seizures. Acute management should focus on the treatment of the primary cause and anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy if needed. ⋯ We report a case of a 4-year-old girl who presented with status epilepticus and was subsequently found to have a cerebral venous sinus thrombosis in the transverse and sigmoid sinus, with venous infarction in the temporal lobe. Laboratory results were significant for a microcytic anemia caused by excessive milk intake. Although iron deficiency anemia is a common pediatric disorder, this uncommon presentation demonstrates the potential for neurologic complications secondary to anemia, as well as the need for a high index of suspicion in order to identify venous stroke as a cause in children who present to the emergency department with seizures.
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Pediatric emergency care · Feb 2015
Emergency medical services for children: thirty years of advancing high-quality emergency care for children.
The purpose of this article is to commemorate the 30th anniversary of the Emergency Medical Services for Children (EMSC) program. For the last 30 years, the EMSC has had a significant impact on transforming emergency care for children. ⋯ The EMSC has undergone many changes since its inception, and now, because the health care system is rapidly changing, the EMSC must continue to ensure that children and their families receive the best emergency care possible. The EMSC community is poised to envision and adapt its mission to leverage opportunities in this rapidly changing environment to ensure that children receive and continue to receive high-quality emergency care services.
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Pediatric emergency care · Feb 2015
Review Case ReportsUse of Point-of-Care Ultrasound to Evaluate for Penile Fracture in a Child.
Penile fracture is a urologic emergency requiring prompt surgical intervention. Ultrasound may help clarify the diagnosis in cases of uncertain history and physical examination. The author presents a case of suspected pediatric penile fracture, in which point-of-care ultrasound helped to rule out the condition and facilitated disposition of the patient.
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Pediatric emergency care · Feb 2015
Comparative StudyComparison of neonatal transport scoring systems and transport-related mortality score for predicting neonatal mortality risk.
To predict the risk of mortality of neonates, birth weight and gestational age were previously used. However, these criteria were considered inadequate; therefore, various scoring systems have been developed in the recent years. The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of predicting mortality by Mortality Index for Neonatal Transportation (MINT), Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology-Perinatal Extension II (SNAP-PE-II), and Transport Related Mortality Score (TREMS). ⋯ The TREMS scoring system is a simple scoring system with a high specificity for predicting mortality. Further studies with larger sample size including more centers and newborn infants with diverse clinical problems are needed to assess the validity and reliability of the TREMS scoring system.