Pediatric emergency care
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Pediatric emergency care · Jan 2022
Outcomes and Factors Associated With Prehospital Treatment of Pediatric Anaphylaxis.
Anaphylaxis is a potentially life-threatening reaction requiring prompt treatment with intramuscular epinephrine (EPI). We sought to describe presenting features of pediatric anaphylaxis and compare patient characteristics and outcomes of children treated with prehospital EPI with those untreated. ⋯ Prehospital treatment with EPI remains low, and barriers to optimal treatment are more pronounced in children with public insurance. Prehospital treatment with EPI was associated with decreased morbidity including hospitalization and intensive care unit admission.
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Pediatric emergency care · Jan 2022
Respiratory Pathogen Detection in Pediatric Patients Intubated for Presumed Infection.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in pediatric patients has been associated with low risk of concomitant bacterial infection. However, in children with severe disease, it occurs in 22% to 50% of patients. As viral testing becomes routine, bacterial codetections are increasingly identified in patients with non-RSV viruses. We hypothesized, among patients intubated for respiratory failure secondary to suspected infection, there are similar rates of codetection between RSV and non-RSV viral detections. ⋯ Bacterial codetection is common and not associated with anticipated patient-related factors or with a specific virus. These results suggest consideration of empiric antibiotics in infants with respiratory illness requiring intubation.
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Pediatric emergency care · Jan 2022
Hemorrhage Control Training: Preparing Adolescents to Act at Home, at School, or in Public.
Uncontrolled bleeding is the leading cause of preventable death after a traumatic event, and early intervention to control bleeding improves opportunities for survival. It is imperative to prepare for local and national disasters by increasing public knowledge on how to control bleeding, and this preparation should extend to both adults and children. The purpose of this study is to describe a training effort to teach basic hemorrhage control techniques to early adolescent children. ⋯ Results demonstrate that basic hemorrhage control skills can be effectively taught to adolescents as young as 6th grade (ages 11-12 years) in a small setting with age-appropriate content and hands-on opportunities to practice the skills and such training increases students' perceived willingness to take action to assist a bleeding victim.
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Pediatric emergency care · Jan 2022
Survey of Current Institutional Practices in the Use of High-Flow Nasal Cannula for Pediatric Patients.
High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is an oxygen delivery device that provides heated humidified air with higher flow rates. The purpose of this survey is to look at institutional practice patterns of HFNC initiation, weaning, and disposition for pediatric patients across the United States. ⋯ Although there is general agreement to use HFNC in bronchiolitis, great practice variation remains in the initiation, management, and weaning of HFNC across the United States. There is also a discordance on PICU use when a patient is using HFNC.
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Pediatric emergency care · Jan 2022
Pediatric Lamp Oil Injuries Treated in US Emergency Departments.
Ingestion and aspiration of lamp oil may result in serious adverse effects and even death. The objective of this study was to describe pediatric lamp oil-related injuries treated at US emergency departments (EDs). ⋯ Although the estimated number of lamp oil-related injuries declined during 2000-2014, it increased during 2015-2017. Most of the patients were aged 1 to 2 years and boys. The majority of the injuries occurred by ingestion and at home. Most of the patients were treated or evaluated and released from the ED.